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King of England Eadward 'the elder' ENGLAND1 (M)
b. 0871, d. Aug 0924
Pedigree
Father-Bio*0848King of England, King of West Saxons Alfred 'the Great' (?)
Mother-Bio* Queen of England Ealswitha Mercia, of
Father-Bio0848King of England, King of West Saxons Alfred 'the Great' (?)
Father-Bio0848King of England, King of West Saxons Alfred 'the Great' (?)2
Mother-Bio0852Ealhswith of Mercia, (?) Queen of England
Mother-Bio0852Ealhswith of Mercia, (?) Queen of England2
Note Edward, byname EDWARD THE ELDER (d. July 17, 924, Farndon on Dee, Eng.),Anglo-Saxon king in England, the son of Alfred the Great. As ruler of theWest Saxons, or Wessex, from 899 to 924, Edward extended his authorityover almost all of England by conquering areas that previously had beenheld by Danish invaders. Edward ascended the throne upon his father'sdeath in October 899, and in a battle in 902 his forces killed a rivalclaimant, Aethelwald, who had allied with the Danes. After defeating theNorthumbrian Danes at Tettenhall, he set out in August 912 to subdue theDanes of the eastern Midlands and East Anglia. From 910 to 916 heconstructed a series of fortified enclosures around his Kingdom ofWessex. At the same time, his sister, the Mercian ruler Aethelflaed,constructed a complementary series of fortresses in the northwestMidlands. In 917 Edward and Aethelflaed launched a massive offensive,quickly overwhelming the entire Danish army of East Anglia. UponAethelflaed's death in June 918, Edward assumed control of Mercia, and bythe end of the year the last Danish armies in the Midlands had submitted.By that time Edward's kingdom included all the land south of the Humberestuary; in 920 he pacified Northumbria. Complete political unificationof England was achieved during the reign of his son and successor,Athelstan (reigned 924-939). [Encyclopaedia Britannica CD '97, EDWARD] -------------------- NOTE: According to the pedigree of Augustine H. Ayers as contained onCD-100, Automated Archives, Automated Family Pedigrees #1, Eadgyth wasthe daughter of Edward the Elder, King of England, and Elfleda/Aelflaedof Wiltshire. Regarding Edward, Encyclopaedia Britannica (1961 edition)states, 'he was thrice married: (1) to Ecgwyn, a lady of rank, by whom hehad a son Aethelstan, who succeeded him, and a daughter Eadgyth, whomarried Sihtric of Northumbria in 924. This marriage was probably anirregular one. (2) To Aelflaed, by whom he had two sons----Aelfweard,who died a fortnight after his father, and Eadwine, who was drowned in933----and six daughters, Aethelflaed and Aethelhild, nuns, and fourothers (see AETHELSTAN). (3) To Eadgifu, the mother of Kings Edmund andEdred, and of two daughters.' The article on Aethelstan states 'one of Aethelstan's first public actswas to hold a conference at Tamworth with Sihtric, the Scandinavian kingof Northumbria, and as a result, Sihtric received Aethelstan's sister inmarriage. In the next year Sihtric died and Aethelstan took over theNorthumbrian kingdom...By the marriage of his half-sisters he was broughtinto connection with the chief royal and princely houses of France andGermany. His sister Eadgifu married Charles the Simple, Eadhild becamethe wife of Hugh the Great, duke of France, Eadgyth was married to theemperor Otto the Great, and her sister, Aelfgifu, to a petty Germanprince.' In the Edward article, Aethelstan and Eadgyth (who married Sihtric) hadthe same mother and implies no other children of that relationship. Inthe Aethelstan article, the Eadgyth who married Otto had a sister,Aelfgifu. Therefore, this Eadgyth cannot be Eadgyth the sister ofAethelstan since Aethelstan had only one sister. The article on Edwardmentions six daughters by Aelflaed (two of whom are named, the ones whobecame nuns,) leaving four who are unnamed (and referring the reader tothe article on Aethelstan), and two daughters by Eadgifu, we have a totalof six unnamed daughters. From the information in the Aethelstanarticle, we are provided with the names of four, Eadgifu, Eadhild,Eadgyth, and Aelfgifu. By reference from the Edward article, does thismean all four named in the Aethelstan article are the remaining unnameddaughters by Aelflaed? We are still left with two unnamed daughters, andare unsure if they are the two daughters of Eadgifu, or possibly one ormore of Aelflaed. The Aethelstan and Edward articles were written by A. M., the author ofthe Otto article is not identified. Since the Aethelstan and Edwardarticles were authored by the same person, the implication is that he/sheis including the names of Aelflaed's remaining four daughters in theAethestan article. The article on Otto I, the Great, in the same set of Britannica states,'In 929 he married Edith, daughter of Edward the Elder, king of theEnglish, and sister of the reigning King Aethelstan.' Note the referenceto 'sister' and not 'half-sister.' Does this mean this is the sameEadgyth/Edith who married Sihtric? This does not seem so inasmuch as theAethelstan article clearly states Eadgyth who married Otto had a sister,Aelfgifu. Did Edward have two daughters named Eadgyth? From the information given,it is impossible to determine the mother of the Eadgyth who married Otto. Additionally, in The Saxon and Norman Kings, by Christopher Brooke,Barnes & Noble, Inc., 1963, is found, in reference to the continentalfriends of Athelstan, 'Henry I of Germany, who asked for Athelstan'ssister as wife to his son Otto; Hugh the Great, duke of the Franks, andConrad duke of Burgundy, who married two other sisters of the king.'This Conrad, duke of Burgundy, must be the 'petty German prince' to whomAelfgifu was married, for, at that time, Burgundy was not a part ofFrance, but was Germanic.2
Note Family Source3
Event-Misc King of Wessex, Type: Titled4,2
Event-Misc Bretwala [King of Kings], Type: Titled4,2
Note Family Source3
Note Family Source3
Note Family Source3
Note Reigned 899-924. He defeated the Danes (918), taking East Anglia, & alsoconquered Mercia (918) and Northumbria (920). Ruled England 899-924 Crowned at Kingston upon Thames 31 May 902 Buriedat Winchester Possibly Edward reigned for a time with his father, Alfred,or as a lesser king under him, for he signed charters as 'rex' in 898.But in any case he was elected king by the Witan when Alfred died. Hespent the early part of his reign in fighting the apparently interminablewars against the Danes which so vitiated this era of our history. Inthese wars he was helped by his sister Ethelfleda, Lady of Mercia, onwhose death he annexed Mercia and was acknowledged 'father and lord' bymost of England, parts of Wales and Scotland, and also by many of theNorse leaders. The last years of Edward's reign were peaceful, and aboutthem little is known, for history in those days was principally concernedwith war. Edward, byname EDWARD THE ELDER (d. July 17, 924, Farndon on Dee, Eng.),Anglo-Saxon king in England, the son of Alfred the Great. As ruler of theWest Saxons, or Wessex, from 899 to 924, Edward extended his authorityover almost all of England by conquering areas that previously had beenheld by Danish invaders. Edward ascended the throne upon his father'sdeath in October 899, and in a battle in 902 his forces killed a rivalclaimant, Aethelwald, who had allied with the Danes. After defeating theNorthumbrian Danes at Tettenhall, he set out in August 912 to subdue theDanes of the eastern Midlands and East Anglia. From 910 to 916 heconstructed a series of fortified enclosures around his Kingdom ofWessex. At the same time, his sister, the Mercian ruler Aethelflaed,constructed a complementary series of fortresses in the northwestMidlands. In 917 Edward and Aethelflaed launched a massive offensive,quickly overwhelming the entire Danish army of East Anglia. UponAethelflaed's death in June 918, Edward assumed control of Mercia, and bythe end of the year the last Danish armies in the Midlands had submitted.By that time Edward's kingdom included all the land south of the Humberestuary; in 920 he pacified Northumbria. Complete political unificationof England was achieved during the reign of his son and successor,Athelstan (reigned 924-939). [Encyclopaedia Britannica CD '97, EDWARD] -------------------- NOTE: According to the pedigree of Augustine H. Ayers as contained onCD-100, Automated Archives, Automated Family Pedigrees #1, Eadgyth wasthe daughter of Edward the Elder, King of England, and Elfleda/Aelflaedof Wiltshire. Regarding Edward, Encyclopaedia Britannica (1961 edition)states, 'he was thrice married: (1) to Ecgwyn, a lady of rank, by whom hehad a son Aethelstan, who succeeded him, and a daughter Eadgyth, whomarried Sihtric of Northumbria in 924. This marriage was probably anirregular one. (2) To Aelflaed, by whom he had two sons----Aelfweard, whodied a fortnight after his father, and Eadwine, who was drowned in933----and six daughters, Aethelflaed and Aethelhild, nuns, and fourothers (see AETHELSTAN). (3) To Eadgifu, the mother of Kings Edmund andEdred, and of two daughters.' The article on Aethelstan states 'one of Aethelstan's first public actswas to hold a conference at Tamworth with Sihtric, the Scandinavian kingof Northumbria, and as a result, Sihtric received Aethelstan's sister inmarriage. In the next year Sihtric died and Aethelstan took over theNorthumbrian kingdom...By the marriage of his half-sisters he was broughtinto connection with the chief royal and princely houses of France andGermany. His sister Eadgifu married Charles the Simple, Eadhild becamethe wife of Hugh the Great, duke of France, Eadgyth was married to theemperor Otto the Great, and her sister, Aelfgifu, to a petty Germanprince.' In the Edward article, Aethelstan and Eadgyth (who married Sihtric) hadthe same mother and implies no other children of that relationship. Inthe Aethelstan article, the Eadgyth who married Otto had a sister,Aelfgifu. Therefore, this Eadgyth cannot be Eadgyth the sister ofAethelstan since Aethelstan had only one sister. The article on Edwardmentions six daughters by Aelflaed (two of whom are named, the ones whobecame nuns,) leaving four who are unnamed (and referring the reader tothe article on Aethelstan), and two daughters by Eadgifu, we have a totalof six unnamed daughters. From the information in the Aethelstan article,we are provided with the names of four, Eadgifu, Eadhild, Eadgyth, andAelfgifu. By reference from the Edward article, does this mean all fournamed in the Aethelstan article are the remaining unnamed daughters byAelflaed? We are still left with two unnamed daughters, and are unsure ifthey are the two daughters of Eadgifu, or possibly one or more ofAelflaed. The Aethelstan and Edward articles were written by A. M., the author ofthe Otto article is not identified. Since the Aethelstan and Edwardarticles were authored by the same person, the implication is that he/sheis including the names of Aelflaed's remaining four daughters in theAethestan article. The article on Otto I, the Great, in the same set of Britannica states,'In 929 he married Edith, daughter of Edward the Elder, king of theEnglish, and sister of the reigning King Aethelstan.' Note the referenceto 'sister' and not 'half-sister.' Does this mean this is the sameEadgyth/Edith who married Sihtric? This does not seem so inasmuch as theAethelstan article clearly states Eadgyth who married Otto had a sister,Aelfgifu. Did Edward have two daughters named Eadgyth? From the information given,it is impossible to determine the mother of the Eadgyth who married Otto. Additionally, in The Saxon and Norman Kings, by Christopher Brooke,Barnes & Noble, Inc., 1963, is found, in reference to the continentalfriends of Athelstan, 'Henry I of Germany, who asked for Athelstan'ssister as wife to his son Otto; Hugh the Great, duke of the Franks, andConrad duke of Burgundy, who married two other sisters of the king.' ThisConrad, duke of Burgundy, must be the 'petty German prince' to whomAelfgifu was married, for, at that time, Burgundy was not a part ofFrance, but was Germanic.
Name-Var Edward 'the Elder,' (?) King of England2
Name-Var Edward the Elder King of England
Note* Well-trained by Alfred, his son Edward 'the Elder' (reigned 899-924) was a bold soldier who defeated the Danes in Northumbria at Tettenhall in 910 and was acknowledged by the Viking kingdom of York. The kings of Strathclyde and the Scots submitted to Edward in 921. By military success and patient planning, Edward spread English influence and control. Much of this was due to his alliance with his formidable sister Aethelflaed, who was married to the ruler of Mercia and seems to have governed that kingdom after her husband's death. Edward was able to establish an administration for the kingdom of England, whilst obtaining the allegiance of Danes, Scots and Britons. Edward died in 924, and he was buried in the New Minster which he had had completed at Winchester. Edward was twice married, but it is possible that his eldest son Athelstan was the son of a mistress. -British Monarchy, The Official Web Site, The http://www.royal.gov.uk/history/anglos.htm#EDWARDEL
Event-Misc* M2
Burial* New Minster, Winchester, England2
Birth*08705
Birth0871Wessex, England6,2
Birth*0871Wessex, England
Birth0875Wessex, England4,2
Marriage*0893Wessex, England
Event-Miscbt 0899 -
0924		King of England, Type: Reigned4,2
Marriageb 0901 
Marriage*c 0919Eadgifu\Edgiva of Kent (?)4,2
Marriage0919 
Death17 Jul 0924Farndon on Dee, Cheshire, England4,2
Death*Aug 0924Farrington, Berkshire, England
Death*09251
Immigrant O
Last Edited9 Apr 2003 
 
CoParent (?) Eafleade
Dau-Bio* Edith (?) of England+
Son-Bio* Eadmund I of ENGLAND
Son-Bio* Edmund I 'the Elder' (?) of England+
Dau-Bio*0896Edgiva (?) Princess of England+2
 
CoParent Eadgifu\Edgiva of Kent (?)
Son-Bio*c 0922Edmund I 'The Magnificent,' (?) King of England+2

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0052/g0000056.htm#I550.
  2. [S101] Unknown compiler, 20 March, 2001.
  3. [S1904] Unknown compiler, 17 FEB 2003.
  4. [S110] Roderick W. Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, 3rd ed., p. 121, Line 233, Gen. 38.
  5. [S32] British Monarchy Web Site, online unknown url, http://www.royal.gov.uk/history/since802.htm.
  6. [S207] Unknown author, World Family Tree Research, Vol. 1-27, Vol. 2, Ed. 1, Tree #1822.

(?) Eafleade1 (F)
b. c 0878, d. c 0919
Pedigree
Father-Bio* Ethelhelm (?)
Mother-Bio*c 0860Aethelgyth of Mercia (?)2
Father-Bioc 0859Ethelhelm (?)2
Name-Var Elfleda of Wiltshire (?); Aelflaed, Elfleade, jlfleade Alt. Spelling2
Birth*c 0878Wessex, England2
Death*c 09192
Immigrant O
Last Edited7 Mar 2001 
 
CoParent King of England Eadward 'the elder' ENGLAND
Dau-Bio* Edith (?) of England+
Son-Bio* Eadmund I of ENGLAND
Son-Bio* Edmund I 'the Elder' (?) of England+
Dau-Bio*0896Edgiva (?) Princess of England+2

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0052/g0000057.htm#I551.
  2. [S101] Unknown compiler, 20 March, 2001.

Eadmund I of ENGLAND1 (M)
Pedigree
Father-Bio*0871King of England Eadward 'the elder' ENGLAND
Mother-Bio*c 0878(?) Eafleade
Immigrant O
Last Edited7 Mar 2001 

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0052/g0000057.htm#I551.

Ethelhelm (?)1 (M)
Immigrant O
Last Edited5 Apr 2001 
 
CoParent Aethelgyth of Mercia (?)
Dau-Bio*c 0878(?) Eafleade+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0052/g0000058.htm#I552.

King of England, King of West Saxons Alfred 'the Great' (?)1,2,3 (M)
b. 0848, d. 26 Oct 0899
Pedigree
Father-Bio*c 0806Aethelwulf (?) King of Wessex and Kent, King of England4
Mother-Bio*c 0810Osburh of Wessex (?)
Father-Bio0806AEthelwulf King of Wessex
Mother-Bioc 0810Osburh of Wessex (?)4
Mother-Bio0810Osburga of the Isle of Wight
Burial* (1) Old Minster, Winchester (2) New Minster (3) Hyde Abbey razed in 1788.4
Name-Var Alfred 'The Great,' King of England (?)4
Event-Misc* M4
Note ALFRED THE GREAT (849-899), the most justly celebrated of all Anglo-Saxonrulers, was King of Wessex from 871 until 899. Alfred was born atWantage in 849, the youngest son of King Ethelwulf of Wessex and hisfirst wife, Osburh. The short reigns and early deaths of his elderbrothers Ethelbald (858-850), Ethelbert (860-865) and Ethelred I(865-871) brought Alfred to the throne of Wessex at the age of abouttwenty-two in 871. Alfred's lifetime was overshadowed by the Danish invasions of England.Between 865 and 870 the Danes had conquered the kingdoms of East Angliaand Northumbria and had forced Mercia into submission. In 870 theydecided to move against Wessex and established themselves in winterquarters at Reading. Five battles were fought in the winter and earlyspring of 870-871, at Englefield, Reading, Ashdown, Basing and theunidentified Meretun. Of these only Ashdown was a West Saxon victory.Shortly after the last battle the Danes were reinforced by another Vikingarmy. At the time of Alfred's accession in April 871 the advantage layfirmly with the invaders. For the new king the outlook was bleak, and itwas to remain so for some time. In May Alfred was defeated again, atWilton, after which he decided to capitulate as the Mercians had done. Acontemporary put the best interpretation on it that he could: 'the Saxonsmade peace with the Vikings on condition that they would leave them; andthis they did.' What this almost certainly means is that Alfred paidthem to go away; what later generations were to call paying Danegeld. The Danes kept their word. Between 871 and 875 they busied themselveswith Mercia and Northumberland. A second invasion of Wessex occurred in876-77. Under their leader Guthrum, the Danes struck deeper than everbefore into Wessex, and established themselves first at Wareham in Dorsetand then at Exeter. Once more Alfred was forced to buy peace from themand they withdrew across the Mercian border in the summer of 877 to a newbase at Gloucester. A third invasion followed soon. In January 878 theDanes entered Wessex, settled at Chippenham and subjected large areas ofthe kingdom to their authority. With only a small following Alfred fledto the west and found refuge at Athelney in Somerset, in the marshycountry of the Parrett valley. (The episode of Alfred and the cakes,first committed to writing about a century after his death, was locatedduring the retreat at Athelney.) Had the king died at this point he wouldbe remembered, if at all, only as a failure. But Alfred survived and prospered. During the spring of 878 he quietlymustered troops and from the fortress which he had constructed atAthelney he waged guerilla war upon the Danes. By May he was ready tochallenge them openly. He advanced eastwards, gathering support from thecounty levies of Somerset, Wiltshire and Hampshire as he went. Theyencountered Guthrum's army at Edington in Wiltshire and decisivelydefeated it, pursuing the survivors as far as their stronghold atChippenham. After a fortnight the Danes surrendered. Their leaderGuthrum was baptized a Christian in June and they swore to leave Wessexin peace, a promise which they carried out later in the year. Alfred hadwon the struggle for survival. Towards the end of 884 part of a Viking army which had been campaigningin Francia crossed the Channel to Kent and laid siege to Rochester.Alfred relieved the town and eventually managed to chase the intrudersback to the Continent. Guthrum's followers, settled in East Anglia since880, had assisted the Vikings from the Continent, and it was in anattempt to neutralise them that Alfred sent a naval force against EastAnglia in the summer of 885, which had mixed success, and in 886 occupiedLondon. Shortly afterwards he made a peace-treaty with Guthrum. Apartfrom these events, during the fourteen years between 878 and 892 Wessexwas unmolested. These were the creative years in which Alfred initiatedhis programme of military reform and cultural revival. In 892 the Danes returned in force and Alfred's defensive measures wereput to the test. The war of 892-96 is reported at considerable length inthe contemporary record of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. Without followingthe campaigns in detail we may say that once more the Danish strategyrested upon the occupation of bases from which raids could be launched.However, there were contrasts with the earlier crises of 870-71 and875-78. Whereas the earlier invaders had repeatedly penetrated into theheart of Alfred's kingdom (e.g. Wilton 871, Wareham 876) those of 892-96got into Wessex only once, in 893. Whereas the earlier invaders had wonvictory after victory, particularly in the years 870-71, the Danes whobroke into Wessex in 893 were defeated by the king's son Edward atFareham before they had got very far. Furthermore, although the Daneswere difficult to pin down and bring to battle, the English forces couldon occasion do this. They matched the mobility of the Danes, pursuingthem right up the valley of the Severn in 893. They could dislodge themfrom their bases, as at Chester in 894 and in the valley of the river Leanear London in 895. They could sometimes corner and defeat them, asealdorman Ethelred of Mercia, Alfred's son-in-law, did at Buttington in893. They could also by now engage the Danes by sea as well as on land,as in 896, with at least fair success. By the summer of 896 the Danishleaders had realised that Wessex was too well-defended for them. Theirarmy dispersed, some to East Anglia or Northumbria, some to furthercampaigning across the Channel in Francia. The remaining three years ofAlfred's reign are ill-documented but were apparently peaceful. He diedon 27 October 899, aged about fifty, and was buried at Winchester. Alfred was probably a good deal more aware of the continent of Europethan have been at least some nineteenth and twentieth-century historianswho have devoted their attention to him. He had visited Rome as a boy inthe company of his father. He regularly sent alms to Rome and receivedat least one letter from Pope John VIII. His sister Aethelswith, thewife of King Burgred of Mercia who was deposed by the Danes in 874, spenther later years in Italy until her death in 888. Alfred's fatherEthelwulf had had a Frankish secretary and had married as his second wifea Frankish princess. Alfred's wife Ealhswith---they were married in868---was English, a noblewoman descended from the Mercian royaldynasty. Of the five children of their marriage who lived to maturity,one of the daughters, Aelfthryth, married Baldwin II, Count of Flanders,between 893 and 899. Alfred corresponded with Archbishop Fulk of Rheims,and attracted scholars from Francia such as Grimbald and John to hiscourt. The compiler of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle was knowledgeable aboutFrankish affairs. We can sense a web of contact between Alfred's Wessexand the western European continent that may have been a good deal moredense than the surviving evidence allows us to see. It was not only in the military field that Alfred may have been indebtedto his Frankish neighbors. There is the code of laws which was probablydrawn up about 890. We cannot be certain that any English ruler hadissued laws since King Ine of Wessex nearly two centuries earlier.Frankish rulers of the ninth century, especially Charles the Bald (d.877) whose court Alfred had visited, had been tireless, one might almostsay frenzied legislators. Some of the individual clauses in Alfred'slaws betray the influence of Frankish practice, the requirement, forexample, that his subjects should swear an oath of loyalty to him.During the 880s, in all probability, the town of Winchester wascomprehensively replanned inside its refurbished Roman defenses. A newgrid-pattern of streets was laid down, bounded by a road which ran roundthe inside of the walls. This operation involved the laying of at leastfive miles of road and their surfacing with nearly 8000 tons of flintcobbles. Only a king could have mobilised the resources for such a task:the initiative must have been Alfred's. Winchester included a royalpalace, a cathedral and its community, a new monastery probably plannedby Alfred although not completed until after his death, and a nunneryfounded by Queen Ealhswith. It also housed a royal mint, merchants onwhose services the court depended, and residences for the counsellors inattendance on the King. Alfred's Winchester was not exactly a capitalcity in our sense of the term, but it was the closest thing to one inWessex---a favoured royal residence, a place of ceremonial, prayer andliturgy, a fit setting for solemn acts of state and a mausoleum wherekings would rest and be remembered after their deaths. Surely itsinspiration was, at least in part, Frankish. Alfred's Winchester was toWessex what Charlemagne's Aachen was to the kingdom of the Franks. Like Frankish rulers such as Charlemagne or Charles the Bald, though on amore modest scale, Alfred was a patron of learning. Unlike them, hepersonally contributed to the intellectual revival which he sponsored andit is this activity which is his most enduring claim to fame. Alfredregarded his attempts to rehabilitate English learning as part and parcelof his kingly responsibilities. To this end Alfred recruited a number oflearned men, Plegmund, a native of Mercia who became Archbishop ofCanterbury in 890; the Welshman Asser, who became Bishop of Sherborne;another Mercian, Bishop Werferth of Worcester; a Flemish monk, Grimbaldof St. Bertin's; and a monk from continental Saxony named John who wasmade Abbot of Alfred's monastic foundation at Athelney. Through theefforts of these five men, and doubtless of others whose names we do notknow, the ground was prepared for the intellectual achievements of thetenth century. Alfred's own contribution to the revival of learning was to translatefrom Latin into Old English 'certain books,' in his own words, 'which arethe most necessary for all men to know.' He had learned to read thevernacular as a child and went on to learn Latin as a grown man. Alfredpersonally translated three books, the Liber Regulae Pastoralis (Book ofPastoral Rule) of Pope Gregory I, the Soliloquies of St. Augustine ofHippo, and the Consolation of Philosophy by Boethius. It was Asser who rendered unforgettably in his biography those aspects ofAlfred's character which so appealed to the Victorians: his moraluprightness, his warm family life, his struggles against ill health, hisearnest self-improvement. Alfred was a man of robustly traditionaltastes---a warrior, a hunter, a ring-giver---as well as the scholar andseeker after knowledge revealed in his writings. He was a man of histime, like everyone else. His achievements rested in some degree onfoundations laid by his father Ethelwulf and on lessons learned from hisFrankish neighbours. He had an orderly mind and he was fertile inpractical expedient, whether in the construction of ships or oflantern-clocks. He was also endowed with a speculative mind, chargedwith intellectual vitality. How many kings have taught themselves Latinat the age of thirty eight? 'He stood, I believe, head and shouldersabove all the kings of England who came before and after him.' This wasthe verdict of an Anglo-Norman historian writing in about 1120. I see noreason why a historian writing in the 1980s should dissent from thatjudgement. [Who's Who in Roman Britain and Anglo-Saxon England, Richard Fletcher,Shepheard-Walwyn Publishers Ltd., London, 1989]4
Note Reigned 871-899. Prevented the Danish conquest of England, defeatingthem at Eddington (878) after a campaign of guerilla warfare. After thevictory he allowed the Danes to keep their conquests in East Anglia &Mercia provided that Guthrum, their king, was converted to Christianity.Alfred built a navy of warships to defend the south coast aginst furtherDanish invasions (885-886, 892-896) & protected Wessex with a chain offortifications. He took London (886) thus gaining control of all Englandexcept the Danish areas. Quote from Winston Churchill: ('Alfred theGreat', chapter 7 of volume 1 of his 'History of the English-SpeakingPeoples'. An appreciation of 'the greatest Englishman that ever lived'). Quote from Maurice Ashley in 'Great Britain to 1688' about Alfred: 'Hewas the greatest Englishman in early history' (p. 41). Banner was agolden dragon (the golden dragon was the banner of the kingdom ofWessex, Alfred's personal banner was the White Horse). Since Alfred wasthe fifth son, it was never thought he would be King, and thus unlike hisolder brothers who have the royal mark of the ruling house of Wessex'AEthel' (or 'Ethel') as a part of their names, Alfred was instead namedafter his mother's folk). REF: The Newsletter of Anglo-Saxon Studies at The University of GeorgiaVol I, Number 3 (Spring, 1994): 'ALFRED'S MILITARY ACHIEVEMENTS', AlexBruce Alfred the Great is remembered for his two great victories--his successin re-establishing learning in his kingdom of Wessex (see Matheliende 1.2), and his success in defeating the seemingly unstoppable forces of theinvading Danes. No matter how much we venerate the revival of educationunder Alfred, the latter of these successes is, however, the greater;there would have been no possibility of restoring the centers of learninghad Alfred not brought peace to his land. When Alfred became king of theWest Saxons in 871, he was already an experienced military leader, as hehad participated in several campaigns against the invading Danes. TheDanes had been present in the British Isles since at least 789, but untilthe time of Alfred they had concentrated their efforts on subjugating theeastern lands of Britain. However, in 865 a great army of Danes hungryfor land and wealth moved quickly through the kingdoms of East Anglia andNorthumbria. After these two kingdoms capitulated and paid tribute to theinvaders, the Danes turned to Mercia. There, in 868, they met bothMercians and West Saxons; the two nations had formed an alliance that hadbeen strengthened that very year by the marriage of Alfred and Ealhswith,daughter of a Mercian ealdorman (see Asser ch. 29). Alfred and his elder brother King Aethelred personally led the Wessex contingent, yet not even the combined forces of the Merciansand the West Saxons could keep the Danes at bay. The Mercians, like the East Anglians and Northumbrians, had to 'make peace'--that is, pay tribute. In 871 Alfred's brother Aethelred died, making Alfred, last son ofKing Aethelwulf, the new king of the West Saxons. In that year as well theDanes turned their attention to Alfred's kingdom, and for the next four years, until 875, Alfred bought peace for his people by paying tribute to the Danes. At first the invaders seemed satisfied, but in 875 they began altering the terms of the peace. That year, after collecting their tribute, the Danes did not leaveWessex as they had before, but lived there, peacefully but at the expense of the West Saxons, until 878. Then, in their desire to subjugate completely the people of Wessex, the Danes went on the offensive. Alfred fought back,yet in March of that year he and his followers were forced into hiding, andthe hope of the West Saxons was fading. But that May Alfred met the Danish force at Edington; 'there he fought against the entire host, and put itto flight, and pursued it up to the fortification [probably Chippenham] and laid siege there a fortnight; and then the host gave him preliminary hostages and solemn oaths that they would leave his kingdom, and promised him in addition that their king would receive baptism; and they fulfilled this promise' (Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, year 878). Alfred had defeated the invading Danes, forcing them to submit to his terms. They subsequentlyleft Alfred and Wessex, turning to the continent for new lands to plunder. Yetthough this particular force left, Danes still inhabited Britain;Northumbria, East Anglia, and parts of Mercia were all still under theDanelaw. Alfred felt constantly threatened, and had to fight skirmisheswith the Danes for many years. To help preserve his hard-earned peaceAlfred developed stronger defenses for his land of Wessex. In thesouthern part of Britain he established several new fortified cities,better than the smaller forts, where great groups of people could gatherfor protection. He reorganized his army so that at any one time half ofit was prepared for war. Finally, in 886, Alfred took the initiativehimself and attacked the Danish-held city of London in an attempt todiminish the lands ruled under the Danelaw. He succeeded, and for hisefforts all the 'Angles and Saxons--those who had formerly been scatteredeverywhere and were not in captivity with the Danes--turned willingly toKing Alfred and submitted themselves to his lordship' (Asser ch. 83). Atthis point Alfred seems to have come closest to rightly earning the title'King of England,' though in reality he governed perhaps a quarter of the land now known as England.Once he had brought peace to his land Alfred began to implement hisreforms. He encouraged learning and the keeping of the Anglo-SaxonChronicle; he also established a code of law, based on the Bible, which'shows how the king sought to maintain social order' (Introduction to'Extracts from the laws of King Alfred,' Alfred the Great 163). Law codeswere certainly not new to the people of Wessex; what was different aboutAlfred's code was that by basing his laws so clearly on Biblical law,'Alfred places his own activity as a law-giver in what he regards as itsproper context, effectively implying that the legislation which followsstands in the same tradition and represents that of the new chosenpeople' (Introduction to Alfred the Great 39). In 892-3 Alfred's peacewas disturbed by the violent return of the Danes. These invaders, drivenoff the continent, seemed intent upon 'the final conquest and settlementof England' (McElwee 32). During these campaigns Alfred won praise fromthe writer of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (perhaps not very surprising,considering who the sponsor was!) for his forethought and stratagems. Hisstanding army was able to fight off the invaders while the peopleremained safe in his fortified cities. Alfred also employed new tactics;he scouted out the enemy and destroyed them at sea using larger war-shipsof his own design. The Danes were thwarted at every turn, and were forcedto retreat, unfulfilled, from the island of Britain. The last years ofAlfred's life were more peaceful and devoted to scholarly pursuits. WhenAlfred died on October 26, 899, he left a culture which had perhapsalready seen its best days, but, thanks to Alfred's care and courage, would be remembered for centuries to come. BIBLIOGRAPHY Alfred the Great: Asser's Life of King Alfred and other Contemporary Sources. Trans. with an introduction and notes by Simon Keynes andMichael Lapidge. New York: Penguin Books, 1983. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. Trans., ed., and introduced by G. N.Garmonsway. London: J. M. Dent & Sons Ltd., 1972. Asser. Life of King Alfred. In Alfred the Great: Asser's Life of King Alfred and other Contemporary Sources. Trans. with an introduction and notes by Simon Keynes and Michael Lapidge. New York: Penguin Books, 1983. McElwee, William. A Short History of England, from the Time of KingAlfred to the Present Day. New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1968. The Oxford History of Britain. Revised edition. Ed. Kenneth O. Morgan. Oxford: The Oxford University Press, 1988. Plummer, Charles. The Life and Times of Alfred the Great. New York:Haskel House Productions Ltd., 1902. REF: The Newsletter of Anglo-Saxon Studies at The University of GeorgiaVol I, Number 2 (Winter, 1994) 'ALFRED THE EDUCATOR' Kirk Appletoft:Alfred the Great, considered the first king of England, is known forsaving his land from decimation by the invading Danes and thereby givinghis countrymen a sense of nationalism. Yet Alfred achieved more thanmilitary and political successes during his reign from 871-901; hisdedication to the teaching of the liberal arts helped preserve theliterary tradition of the Anglo-Saxons. Alfred's appreciation foreducation began very early in his life. In 853, at the age of four,Alfred was sent by his father, King Aethelwulf, to Pope Leo IV in Romefor instruction. This instruction, no doubt, focused on religion ratherthan on the liberal arts. But this trip to Rome, as well as the oneAlfred made two years later, certainly helped Alfred recognize the roleof the Church in education. Alfred would fully acknowledge this role whenhe became king. Alfred's interest in the liberal arts was encouraged byhis stepmother Judith, who was the first to pique his interest inreading. Alfred's contemporary biographer, Asser, a bishop from Wales,records that Judith offered a book of Saxon poems to the first ofAethelwulf's four sons who could recite the book to her. To win the book,Alfred, who could not read, had an instructor read the book to him untilhe had memorized every word. According to Asser, this 'desire for wisdom,more than anything else, together with the nobility of his birth, . . .characterized the nature of his noble mind' (Asser 75). Not until afterhe became king in 871 did Alfred learn to read and write. Asser, whomAlfred had called to serve in his court, seems to have been responsiblefor this feat. Asser would copy passages from the Bible for Alfred tostudy; Alfred would then eagerly translate them into English. The dutiesof being the king, however, constantly interrupted Alfred's education.His entire reign was spent in a religious war with the Danes. He believedthat the invaders represented punishment from God for the decay ofeducation, and the corresponding lack of understanding of Latinmanuscripts and psalms. So, for Alfred, his war became not a matter ofthe English fighting the Danes; it was the Christians fighting theheathens. This belief was one of the primary reasons for the large number of religious translations and the increasing interest in education during Alfred'sreign. As well, Alfred supported education because he recognized that 'aking's raw material and instruments of rule are a well peopled land, andhe must have men of prayer, men of war, and men of work . . . [for]without these tools he cannot perform any of the tasks entrusted to him'(Plummer 153). In order to have these tools at his disposal he broughtmany Latin scholars from the continent to teach at his institutions. Healso, even when his war with the Danes was at its height, took time totranslate several Latin works on his own, including Pope Gregory theGreat's Pastoral Care, Boethius's Consolation of Philosophy and St.Augustine's Soliloquies. So important to Alfred was the ability to readthat he began to demand that other nobles of the land be able to read.Asser recounts Alfred's admonishments to a group of judges who werepoorly educated; they were told 'either to relinquish immediately [their]offices of worldly power . . . or else to apply [them]selves much moreattentively to the pursuit of wisdom.' (Asser 110) Needless to say theychose the latter option. The effect of all of Alfred's educational reforms was that we, more than1000 years later, have a wealth of Anglo- Saxon prose and poetry to readand study. Without his dedication to learning we would all have beenpoorer. BIBLIOGRAPHY Asser. Life of King Alfred. In Alfred the Great: Asser's Life of King Alfred and other Contemporary Sources. Trans. with an introduction and notes by Simon Keynes and Michael Lapidge. New York: Penguin Books, 1983. Bosworth, George F. Alfred the Great: His Life and Times. London:Macmillan and Co., Ltd., 1914. Loyn, H. R. Alfred the Great. New York: Oxford University Press, 1967. Plummer, Charles. The Life and Times of Alfred the Great. New York:Haskel House Productions Ltd., 1902. REF: *The Chronicle of Fabius Ethelwerd, From the Beginning of the World to the Year of Our Lord 975*, translated by J A Giles in *Six Old English Chronicles*, London (Bohn), 1848, p 28, 37.: 'Lastly, in the same year,king Alfred departed out of this world, that immoveable pillar of theWestern Saxons, that man full of justice, bold in arms, learned inspeech, and, above all other things, imbued with the divine instructions.For he had translated into his own language, out of Latin, unnumberedvolumes, of so varied a nature, and so excellently, that the sorrowfulbook of Boethius seemed, not only to the learned, but even to those whoheard it read, as it were, brought to life again. The monarch died onthe seventh day before the solemnity of All Saints, and his body rests inpeace in the city of Winston. Pray, O reader, to Christ our Redeemer,that he will save his soul!' REF: Weis & Sheppard, *Ancestral Roots ... *, 7th Edition, 1992, p 2 :Alfred the Great, King of England, 871-899, b. Wantage, Berkshire, 849;d. 26 Oct. 899; m. 868, Ealhsith (Alswitha), d. ca. 905, dau. of EarlAethelred of Mercia and Eadburgh. Alfred was one of the greatest men inhistory. He was crowned king at Winchester, 871; founded the BritishNavy, organized the militia, compiled a code of laws, built schools andmonasteries, and invited scholars to live at his court. He was a goodscholar and translated many books.' SRCE: Asser of Saint David, *Annals of the Reign of Alfred the Great,from A.D. 849 to A.D. 887* (or *Life of Alfred*), translated by J A Giles,1848, p 43-44. Giles says in the preface, p vi: In the year of our Lord'sincarnation 849, was born Alfred, king of the Anglo-Saxons, at the royalvillage of Wanating [Wantage], in Berkshire, which country has its namefrom the wood of Berrod, where the box-tree grows most abundantly. Hisgenealogy is traced in the following order. King Alfred was the son ofKing Ethelwild, who was the son of Egbert, who was the son, of Elmund,who was son of Eafa, who was the son of Eoppa, who was the son of Ingild. Ingild, and Ina, the famous king of the West-Saxons, were two brothers.Ina went to Rome, and there ending this life honourably, entered theheavenly kingdom, to reign there for ever with Christ. Ingild and Inawere the sons of Coenred, who was the son of Ceolwald, who was the son ofCudam, who was the son of Cuthwin, who was the son of Ceawlin, who wasthe son of Cynric, who was the son of Creoda, who was the son of Cerdic,who was the son of Elesa, who was the son of Gewis, from whom the Britonsname all that nation Gewis [FOOTNOTE: The Gewissae, generally understoodto be the West-Saxons.], who was the son of Brond, who was the son ofBeldeg, who was the son of Woden, who was the son of Frithowald, who wasthe son of Frealaf, who was the son of Frithuwulf, who was the son ofFinn of Godwulf, who was the son of Geat, which Geat the pagans longworshipped as a god. Sedulius makes mention of him in his metricalPaschal poem, as follows:-- When gentile poets with their fictions vain, In tragic language and bombastic strain, To their god Geat, comic deity, Loud praises sing, &c. 'Geat was the son of Taetwa, who was the son of Beaw, who was the son of Sceldi [= SCELDWA in trans. by Keynes & Lapidge], who was the son ofHeremod, who was the son of Itermon, who was the son of Hathra, who wasthe son of Gula [= HWALA in trans. by K & L], who was the son of Bedwig,who was the son of Shem [= SETH in trans. by K & L, but this is probablyan error], who was the son of Noah, who was the son of Lamech, who wasthe son of Methusalem [=METHUSALAH], who was the son of Enoch, who wasthe son of Malaleel [= MAHALALEEL], who was the son of Cainian [= CAINANin trans. by K & L], who was the son of Enos, who was the son of Seth,who was the son of Adam.' REF: William of Malmesbury, *Chronicle of the Kings of England*, c 1135, tr John Allen Giles, London (Henry G Bohn) 1847, p 113-122 passim: Hewas married to Ealhswith of the Gani in 868.'Received the royal unction andcrown from pope Leo the fourth at Rome, acceded to the sovereignty andretained it with the greatest difficulty, but with equal valour,twenty-eight years and a half. ..... For nine successive years battlingwith his enemies, sometimes deceived by false treaties, and sometimeswreaking his vengeance on the deceivers, he was at last reduced to suchextreme distress, that scarcely three counties, that is to say,Hampshire, Wiltshire, and Somersetshire, stood fast by their allegiance,as he was compelled to retreat to a certain island called Athelney, whichfrom its marshy situation was hardly accessible. ..... [However, later]Alfred had reduced the whole island to his power, with the exception ofwhat the Danes possessed. ..... After England had rejoiced for 13 yearsin the tranquility of peace and in the fertility of her soil, thenorthern pest of barbarians again returned. With them returned war andslaughter ..... The king himself was, with his usual activity, presentin every action, ever daunting the invaders, and at the same timeinspiriting his subjects, with the signal display of his courage. Hewould oppose himself singly to the enemy; and by his own personalexertions rally his declining forces. The very places are yet pointedout by the inhabitants where he felt the vicissitudes of good and evilfortune. ..... His children by Elswitha, the daughter of earl Athelred,were Ethelswitha, Edward who reigned after him; Ethel fled who wasmarried to Ethered earl of the Mercians; Ethelwerd, whom they celebrateas being extremely learned; Elfred and Ethelgiva, virgins. His[Alfred's] health was so bad that he was constantly disquited either bythe piles or some disorder of the intestines. It is said, however, thathe entreated this from God, in his supplications, in order that, by theadmonition of pain, he might be less anxious after earthly delights. 'Yet amid these circumstances the private life of the king is to beadmired and celebrated with the highest praise. For although, as someone has said, 'Laws must give way amid the strife of arms,' yet he, amidthe sound of trumpets and the din of war, enacted statures by which hispeople might equally familiarise themselves to religious worship and tomilitary discipline. And since, from the example of the barbarians, thenatives themselves began to lust after rapine, insomuch that there was nosafe intercourse without a military guard, he appointed centuries, whichthey call 'hundreds,' and decennaries, that is to say, 'tythings,' sothat every Englishman, living according to law, must be a member of both. If any one was accused of a crime, he was obliged immediately to producepersons from the hundred and tything to become his surety; and whosoeverwas unable to find such surety, must dread the severity of the laws. Ifany who was impleaded made his escape either before or after he had foundsurety, all persons of the hundred and tything paid a fine to the king.By this regulation he diffused such peace throughout the country that heordered golden bracelets, which might mock the eager desires of thepassengers while no one durst take them away, to be hung up on the publiccauseways, where the roads crossed each other. ..... He erectedmonasteries wherever he deemed it fitting ..... [Alfred sent forGrimmald] that by his activity he might awaken the study of literature inEngland, which was now slumbering and almost expiring. ..... Confiding inthese auxiliaries [Grimmald, Asser, Werefrith, Johannes Scotus], the kinggave his whole soul to the cultivation of the liberal arts, insomuch thatno Englishman was quicker in comprehending, or more elegant intranslating. ..... He translated into English the greater part of theRoman authors ..... Moreover he infused a great regard for literatureinto his countrymen, stimulating them both with rewards and punishments,allowing no ignorant person to aspire to any dignity in the court. Hedied just as he had begun a translation of the Psalms. ..... He had oneunusual and unheard of custom, which was, that he always carried in hisbosom a book in which the daily order of the Psalms was contained, forthe purpose of carefully perusing it, if at any time he had leisure. Inthis way he passed his life, much respected by neighboring princes, andgave his daughter Ethelswitha in marriage to Baldwin earl of Flanders, bywhom he had Arnulf and Ethelwulf; the former received from his father thecounty of Boulogne, from the other at this day are descended the earls ofFlanders. [Footnote by Giles: 'Matilda, queen of William the First, wasdaughter of Baldwin earl of Flanders, the fifth in descent fromEthelswitha.'] 'Alfred, paying the debt of nature, was buried at Winchester, in themonastery which he had founded ..... They report that Alfred was firstwas first buried in the cathedral, because the monaster was unfinished, butthat afterwards, on account of the folly of the canons, who asserted that the royal spirit, resuming its carcass, wandered nightly through thebuildings, Edward, his son and successor, removed the remains of his father, andgave them a quiet resting-place in the new minster. [Footnote by Giles: 'Onits removal called Hyde Abbey.'] These and similar superstitions, such asthat the dead body of a wicked man runs about, after death, by the agency ofthe devil, the English hold with almost inbred credulity, borrowing them from the heathens, according to the expression of Virgil, 'Forms such as flit,they say, when life is gone.' [Virg. Aeneid, x. 641.] REF: British Monarchy Official Website: From the late 8th century, therewere attacks by Vikings from Scandinavia. The kingdoms of Northumbria andMercia were rapidly over-run and in 871 the Danish army attacked Wessex.After initial setbacks, Alfred, King of Wessex (reigned 871-99) defeatedthe Danes at the Battle of Edington in 878. The Danes withdrew to an areanorth of a frontier running from London to Chester, which became known asthe 'Danelaw'. Alfred then began a programme of reforms, includingestablishing a legal code, improving education and learning, andreforming the coinage. He also started a building programme of well-defended towns ('borough' comes from the OldEnglish burgh, a fortress) and a new navy. Ruled England 871-899; Born at Wantage 849; Buried at Winchester TheWitan, so it turned out, chose well, for Alfred, seasoned by manybattles, proved also to be a great ruler. Though he was not, so it issaid, a man of any great physical strength, yet he was a considerablewarrior. He defeated the Danish onslaught, led by Guthrum in 878, at thefamous battle of Ethandun. In 884 Alfred received the submission not onlyof the English, but also of many Welsh princes, and, after 897, theDanes, too, had learnt not to give him further trouble. Maraudings weresuccessfully combated by enlarging the navy, in the defences of thecountry were improved by fortifying townships and by building forts. Butgreat though Alfred's military achievements were, his real greatness laynot in war, which only destroys, but in the arts of peace. Much ofAlfred's work, like his culinary misfortune, is probably fabulous, but hedid three great things which must be noted, for they alone are enough toraise him high above others of his age: he started, after the fashion ofCharles the Great, a court school to educate the nobility; he encouragedthe greatest scholars of the day to come to England; and he translatedand 'published' three medieval' best sellers', Bede's History, Boethius'sConsolation of Philosophy, and Gregory's Paaatoral Care. Thus indeed hegave to the English their first literature, for hitherto all books hadbeen written in Latin, the Esperanto of scholars. If ever a king deservedthe epithet Great it was Alfred, for he was not only great among warriorkings, but was wiser than his generation and many of those which followedas well.
Note* From the late 8th century, attacks by Vikings from Scandinavia increased. After a major invasion in 865, the kingdoms of Northumbria and Mercia were rapidly overrun, and in 871 the Danish army attacked Wessex. The Wessex forces under the command of Alfred (reigned 871-99), then aged 21, defeated the Danes at the Battle of Edington in 878. The Danes withdrew to an area north of a frontier running from London to Chester and known as 'Danelaw'.
This victory did not finish the Danish threat, and Alfred reorganised the Wessex defences by organising his army on a rota basis, so he could raise a 'rapid reaction force' to deal with raiders whilst still enabling his thegns and peasants to tend their farms. Second, Alfred started a building programme of well-defended settlements across southern England as a defence in depth against Danish raiders. Alfred also ordered the building of a navy of new fast ships to patrol the coasts and meet invaders before they penetrated inland.
Other reforms included establishing a legal code (assembled from the laws of his predecessors and of the kingdoms of Mercia and Kent), and reforming the coinage. Illiterate in Latin until the age of 38, Alfred promoted literacy, religion and education, and directed the translation of works of religious instruction, philosophy and history into the vernacular; this was partly so that people could read his orders and legislation. The energetic royal authority demonstrated in Alfred's policies presaged the Wessex kings' rule of all England during the next century.
-British Monarchy, The Official Web Site, The http://www.royal.gov.uk/history/anglos.htm#ALFRED
Name-Var Alfred the Great King of Wessex
Birth*0848Wantage, Berkshire, England
Birth*08495
Birth0849Wantage, Berkshire, England6,4
Marriage*0868Queen of England Ealswitha Mercia, of7
Marriage0868Ealhswith of Mercia, (?) Queen of England6,4
Event-Miscbt 0871 -
0899		King of England, Type: Reigned6,4
Death*08992,3
Death26 Oct 0899Winchester, Hampshire, England6,4
Death*26 Oct 0899Winchester, Hampshire, England
Immigrant O
Last Edited9 Apr 2003 
 
CoParent Ealhswith of Mercia, (?) Queen of England
Dau-Bio*0868Aelfthryth of Wessex, (?) Princess of England+4
Dau-Bio*0869Aethelflaed\Ethelfleda, Princess of England (?)+4
Son-Bio*0873Edmund of Wessex
Dau-Bio*0875AEthelgeofu of Shaftsbury Abbess of Shaftsbury
Son-Bio*0879AEthelweard of Wessex
 
CoParent Queen of England Ealswitha Mercia, of
Dau-Bio* Elfrida (?) of England+
Son-Bio0871King of England Eadward 'the elder' ENGLAND+
Son-Bio*0871King of England Eadward 'the elder' ENGLAND+
Son-Bio0871King of England Eadward 'the elder' ENGLAND+4

  1. [S32] British Monarchy Web Site, online unknown url, http://www.royal.gov.uk/history/anglos.htm#ALFRED.
  2. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0002/g0000059.htm#I553.
  3. [S96] (216) 237-5364 e-mail address, 25 Dec., 1992.
  4. [S101] Unknown compiler, 20 March, 2001.
  5. [S32] British Monarchy Web Site, online unknown url, http://www.royal.gov.uk/history/since802.htm.
  6. [S110] Roderick W. Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, 3rd ed., p. 121, Line 233, Gen. 39.
  7. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0002/g0000060.htm#I554.

Queen of England Ealswitha Mercia, of1 (F)
d. 0904
Pedigree
Father-Bio* (?) Ethelred
Father-Bio Ethelred (?)
Marriage*0868King of England, King of West Saxons Alfred 'the Great' (?)1
Death*09041
Immigrant O
Last Edited24 Mar 2001 
 
CoParent King of England, King of West Saxons Alfred 'the Great' (?)
Dau-Bio* Elfrida (?) of England+
Son-Bio*0871King of England Eadward 'the elder' ENGLAND+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0002/g0000060.htm#I554.

Elfrida (?) of England1 (F)
Pedigree
Father-Bio*0848King of England, King of West Saxons Alfred 'the Great' (?)
Mother-Bio* Queen of England Ealswitha Mercia, of
Immigrant O
Last Edited12 Apr 2001 
 
CoParent Baudouin II 'the younger' de FLANDRE
Son-Bio*bt 0885 -
0890		Arnoul I 'the old' de FLANDRE+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0002/g0000060.htm#I554.

(?) Ethelred1 (M)
Note* of Gainas [Gainsborough] -Charlotte's Web Geneology http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0002/g0000061.htm#I555
Immigrant O
Last Edited7 Mar 2001 
 
CoParent  
Dau-Bio* Queen of England Ealswitha Mercia, of+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0002/g0000061.htm#I555.

Aethelwulf (?) King of Wessex and Kent, King of England1,2,3,4 (M)
b. c 0806, d. bt 13 Jan 0857 - 0858
Pedigree
Father-Bio* King of England and Wessex Eggbert ENGLAND3
Mother-Bio*c 0788Redburh (?) of Wessex3
Birth*c 0806Wessex, England3,5,2
Marriage*0830Osburh of Wessex (?)6,3
Event-Misc0839visited Rome, Rome, Italy, Type: Occurs5,3
Occupationbt 0839 -
0858		King of England, Type: Reigned5,3
Annulment*0853Osburh of Wessex (?); _FA13,5
Marriage01 Oct 0856Judith, Princess of the West Franks (?)5,3
Death*bt 13 Jan 0857 -
0858		England5,3
Immigrant O
Last Edited16 Apr 2001 
 
CoParent Osburh of Wessex (?)
Son-Bio*c 0840Aethelred I, King of Wessex and Kent (?)+3
Son-Bio*0848King of England, King of West Saxons Alfred 'the Great' (?)+3

  1. ¡thelwulf, Ethelwulf Alt. Spelling // AETHELWULF, king of the West Saxons, succeeded his father, Egbert, inA.D. 839. Aelthelwulf's reign was chiefly occupied with strugglesagainst the Danes. After the king's defeat 843-844, the Somerset andDorset levies won a victory at the mouth of the Parret (c. 850). In 851Ceorl, with the men of Devon, defeated the Danes at Wigganburg, andAethelstan of Kent was victorious at Sandwich; despite this the Daneswintered in England that year for the first time. In 851 also Aethelwulfand Aethelbald won their great victory at Aclea, probably the modernOckley. In 853 Aelthelwulf subdued the North Welsh, in answer to theappeal of Burgred of Mercia, and gave him his daughter Aethelswith inmarriage. The year 855 is the date of the Donation of Aethelwulf and ofhis journey to Rome with Alfred. On his way home he married Judith,daughter of Charles the Bold. According to Aser he was compelled to giveup Wessex to his son Aethelbald on his return, and content himself withthe eartern under-kingdom. He died in 858. [Encyclopaedia Britannica,1961 ed., Vol. 1, p. 276, AETHELFULF] --------------- Aethelwulf, also spelled ETHELWULF (d. 858), Anglo-Saxon king in England,the father of King Alfred the Great. As ruler of the West Saxons from 839to 856, he allied his kingdom of Wessex with Mercia and thereby withstoodinvasions by Danish Vikings. The son of the great West Saxon king Egbert (ruled 802-839), Aethelwulfascended the throne four years after the Danes had begun large-scaleraids on the English coast. In 851 he scored a major victory over a largeDanish army at a place called Aclea in Surrey. Aethelwulf then marriedhis daughter to the Mercian king Burgred (853), and in 856 he himselfmarried the daughter of Charles II the Bald, king of the West Franks.Aethelwulf was deposed by a rival faction upon his return from apilgrimage to Rome in 856, but he continued to rule Kent and severalother eastern provinces until his death. In addition to Alfred the Great(ruled 871-899), three of Aethelwulf's four other sons became kings ofWessex. [Encyclopaedia Britannica CD, 1996, AETHELWULF] -----------------.
  2. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo.
  3. [S101] Unknown compiler, 20 March, 2001.
  4. [S110] Roderick W. Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, 3rd ed..
  5. [S110] Roderick W. Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, 3rd ed., p. 121, Line 233, Gen. 40.
  6. [S207] Unknown author, World Family Tree Research, Vol. 1-27, Vol. 1, Ed. 1
    Tree #3248.

Osburh of Wessex (?)1,2,3 (F)
b. c 0810, d. 0855
Pedigree
Father-Bio*c 0780Thane Olac (?)2
Birth*c 0810Wessex, England4,2
Marriage*0830Aethelwulf (?) King of Wessex and Kent, King of England5,2
Annulment*0853Aethelwulf (?) King of Wessex and Kent, King of England; _FA12,4
Death*08556
Deatha 08764,2
Immigrant O
Last Edited16 Apr 2001 
 
CoParent Aethelwulf (?) King of Wessex and Kent, King of England
Son-Bio*c 0840Aethelred I, King of Wessex and Kent (?)+2
Son-Bio0848King of England, King of West Saxons Alfred 'the Great' (?)+2
Son-Bio*0848King of England, King of West Saxons Alfred 'the Great' (?)+

  1. Osburg, Osberga Alt. Spelling.
  2. [S101] Unknown compiler, 20 March, 2001.
  3. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo.
  4. [S110] Roderick W. Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, 3rd ed., p. 121, Line 233, Gen. 40.
  5. [S207] Unknown author, World Family Tree Research, Vol. 1-27, Vol. 1, Ed. 1
    Tree #3248.
  6. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0002/g0000063.htm#I557.

Thane Olac (?)1 (M)
b. c 0780
Event-Misc X, Type: Progenitor2
Event-Misc* M2
Name-Var Oslac, Royal Cup Bearer (?)2
Note Oslac is called 'a descendant of Wihgar, nephew of Cerdic' who ruled theIse of Wight early in the 6th Century. [Roderick W. Stuart, Royalty forCommoners, 3rd ed., (Genealogical Publishing Company, Baltimore MD,1998), p. 121, Line 233, Gen. 40]2
Note* Oslac was a Goth by nation, descended from the Goths and Jutes, of the seed, namely, of Stuf and Whitgar [= WIHTGAR in trans. by K & L], two brothers and countes; who, having received possession of the Isle of Wight from their uncle, king Cerdic, and his son Cynric their cousin, slew the few British inhabitants whom they could find in that island, at a place called Gwihtgaraburgh [FOOTNOTE: Carisbrooke, as may be conjectured from the name, which is a combination of Weight and Caraburgh.]; for the other inhabitants of the island had either been slain or escaped into exile.' [NOTE: In the translation by Keynes and Lapidge, the place is called Wihtgarabyrig. A footnote states that this is the name given in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, although (they say) the text of Asser has Guuihtgaraburhg which 'has been identified in the past as Carisbrooke, but strong objections to this were raised by Stevenson, *Asser*, pp. 172-5; the place must remain unidentified.'] --- Asser of Saint David, *Annals of the Reign of Alfred the Great, from A.D. 849 to A.D . 887* (or *Life of Alfred*), translated by J A Giles, 1848, p 43-44. Giles says in the preface, p vi: 'This work is ascribed, on its own internal authority, to Asser, who is said to have been bishop of St. David's, of Sherborne or of Exeter, in the time of King Alfred. -Charlotte's Web Geneology http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0002/g0000064.htm#I558
GEDCOM* Cupbearer of Etherwulf, _FA11
Occupation* Royal Cup Bearer of England3,2
Birth*c 07802
Immigrant O
Last Edited24 Mar 2001 
 
CoParent  
Dau-Bio*c 0810Osburh of Wessex (?)+2

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0002/g0000064.htm#I558.
  2. [S101] Unknown compiler, 20 March, 2001.
  3. [S110] Roderick W. Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, 3rd ed., p. 121, Line 233, Gen. 40.

King of England and Wessex Eggbert ENGLAND1 (M)
d. 0836
Pedigree
Father-Bio* King of Kent and Wessex Ealhmund (?)
Mother-Bio*c 0758NN of Kent, Princess of Kent (?)2
Father-Bio Alckmund [Ealhmund] of WESSEX
Father-Bioc 0758Eahlmund, King of Kent (?)2
Mother-Bio of KENT
Note* EGBERT (d. 839) was King of Wessex from 802 until 839. He claimeddescent from Ingild, a brother of King Ine of Wessex. His father was acertain Ealhmund who ruled briefly in Kent c. 784 in opposition to Offaof Mercia. When King Cynewulf of Wessex died in 786, Egbert disputedwith Beorhtric for possession of the kingdom. Beorhtric, Offa's protégé,came out on top and Egbert departed into exile at the Frankish court. OnBeorhtric's death in 802 Egbert returned and established himself as Kingof Wessex in a successful revolt against Mercian ascendancy. Egbert ruled an independent Wessex for the next twenty-three years, ofwhich we have little record. This was succeeded by a period of frenziedactivity. In 825 he defeated King Beornwulf of Mercia at the battle ofEllendun (probably Wroughton in Wiltshire) and immediately afterwardssend his son Ethelwulf eastwards to wrest Kent, Surrey, Sussex and Essexfrom Mercian overlordship. He also received an appeal for protectionfrom the East Anglians who had rebelled against the Mercians. TheMercian empire seemed to be falling apart as rival claimants contendedfor kingship over the next few years. In 829 Egbert conquered Mercia andwent on to lay waste part of Northumbria and exact submission and tributefrom its king Eanred. For a short period he was overlord of all theEnglish kingdoms. But in 830 Mercia threw off West Saxon lordship andfor the rest of his reign Egbert's direct authority was restricted toWessex and the south east. In has sometimes been claimed that Egbert was the first 'King of allEngland.' But this is absurd. The notion is based upon the treatment ofEgbert in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, put together in the form in which wehave it at the court of Egbert's grandson Alfred and concerned above allelse to magnify the exploits of the West Saxon royal dynasty. Merciansupremacy did not end with Offa. Ninth-century Mercia may have becomesubject to dynastic instability---and which Anglo-Saxon kingdom hadnot?---but it could still produce some imposing rulers such as Cernwulf(796-821), Wiglaf [827-40] and Beorhtwulf [840-52]. Further to the norththe Northumbrian King Eanred [808-40] continued to rule a kingdomstretching from the Humber to the First of Forth: the submission toEgbert in 829 had no lasting effect. Nevertheless, Egbert's reign is an important one. In the first place, heconsolidated West Saxon domination over the remaining British princes ofthe south-west in a series of campaigns in 815, 825, 830 and 838.Secondly, his annexation of south-eastern England in 825 was to bepermanent. Kent became a dependency where West Saxon princes could learnthe business of kingship; just as Egbert entrusted Kent to his sonEthelwulf, so after his accession in 839 Ethelwulf placed his sonAthelstan in authority there. Egbert and Ethelwulf were at pains tocultivate good relations with the archbishops of Canterbury; they hadlearnt the lessons of Offa's failure in this respect. In particular,they tried to ensure that the See of Canterbury should be well-disposednot just to individual kings of Wessex but to the dynasty as a whole; intheir own words in a charter of 838, 'that we and our heirs for everafterwards may have firm and unbroken friendship from the archbishop andall his successors.' They wanted to break free from the snares ofdynastic instability and discontinuity which plagued Mercia, Northumbriaand their Frankish neighbours over the Channel. That they succeeded indoing so no doubt owed much to luck, but also something to shrewdmanagement. Finally, Egbert showed that he could cope with new enemies,the Vikings. They ravaged the Island of Sheppey in 835, and defeated himat Carhampton in 836. But when in 838 they made common cause with theBritons of the south-west Egbert defeated them at Hingston Down inCornwall. In the last battle of his life, Egbert showed that the Daneswere vulnerable. [Who's Who is Roman Britain and Anglo-Saxon England,Richard Fletcher, Shepheard-Walwyn Publishers Ltd., London, 1989] ---------- Egbert, also spelled ECGBERHT, or ECGBRYHT (d. 839), king of the WestSaxons from 802 to 839, who formed around Wessex a kingdom so powerfulthat it eventually achieved the political unification of England(mid-10th century). The son of Ealhmund, king in Kent in 784 and 786, Egbert was a member ofa family that had formerly held the West Saxon kingship. In 789 Egbertwas driven into exile on the European continent by the West Saxon kingBeorhtric and his ally, the powerful Mercian king Offa (d. 796).Nevertheless, Egbert succeeded to Beorhtric's throne in 802. Heimmediately removed Wessex from the Mercian confederation andconsolidated his power as an independent ruler. In 825 he decisivelydefeated Beornwulf, king of Mercia, at the Battle of Ellendune (nowWroughton, Wiltshire). The victory was a turning point in English historybecause it destroyed Mercian ascendancy and left Wessex the strongest ofthe English kingdoms. By virtue of long-dormant hereditary claims, Egbertwas accepted as king in Kent, Sussex, Surrey, and Essex. In 829 heconquered Mercia itself, but he lost it in the following year to theMercian king Wiglaf. A year before his death Egbert won a stunningvictory over Danish and Cornish Briton invaders at Hingston Down (now inCornwall). [Encyclopaedia Britannica CD, 1997, EGBERT] ---------- NOTE: The official male line for British royalty starts with Egbert andextends to Edward the Confessor; the female line extends to the presenttime. [Roderick W. Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, 3rd ed., GenealogicalPublishing Company, Baltimore MD, 1998), p. 121, Line 233, Gen. 41]2
Event-Misc* M2
Name-Var Eggbert III of WESSEX
Name-Var Ecgbert, King of Wessex (?)2
Name-Var Egbert, King of Wessex (?)2
Birthc 0770 
Birth0775Wessex, England3,2
Event-Miscbt 0784 -
0786		Under-King of Kent, Type: Reigned3,2
Event-Misc0802King of Wessex, Type: Titled3,2
Event-Miscbt 0827 -
0836		King of England, Type: Reigned3,2
Death*08361
Deathbt 04 Feb 0838 -
0839		Wessex, England3,2
Death04 Feb 0839 
DeathJun 0839Wessex, England2
Immigrant O
Last Edited24 Mar 2001 
 
CoParent Redburh (?) of Wessex
Son-Bio*c 0806Aethelwulf (?) King of Wessex and Kent, King of England+2

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0002/g0000065.htm#I559.
  2. [S101] Unknown compiler, 20 March, 2001.
  3. [S110] Roderick W. Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, 3rd ed., p. 121, Line 233, Gen. 41.

Redburh (?) of Wessex1,2,3 (F)
b. c 0788
Birth*c 0788Wessex, England4,2
Immigrant O
Last Edited16 Apr 2001 
 
CoParent King of England and Wessex Eggbert ENGLAND
Son-Bio*c 0806Aethelwulf (?) King of Wessex and Kent, King of England+2

  1. Redburg, Redburga Alt. Spelling.
  2. [S101] Unknown compiler, 20 March, 2001.
  3. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo.
  4. [S110] Roderick W. Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, 3rd ed., p. 121, Line 233, Gen. 41.

King of Kent and Wessex Ealhmund (?)1,2 (M)
Note* There is a huge literature on pre-Norman Anglo-Saxon lines, with new material still appearing. My understanding is that there are no extant records of these lines of any value going back prior to 457 A.D., or even for several hundred years after that. One of the earliest sources for the part of this line from Alfred the Great to Cerdic are by Asser, who wrote a biography of Alfred and is often claimed to have lived in the time of Alfred, who lived 849-899 A.D. This dating of Asser's life has been disputed, however, and claims have been made that Asser actually lived several hundred years later. -- Gordon Fisher -- gfisher@@shentel.net Elmund, who was son of Eafa, who was the son of Eoppa, who was the son of Ingild. Ingild, and Ina, the famous king of the West-Saxons, were two brothers. Ina went to Rome, and there ending this life honourably, entered the heavenly kingdom, to reign there for ever with Christ. Ingild and Ina were the sons of Coenred, who was the son of Ceolwald, who was the son of Cudam, who was the son of Cuthwin, who was the son of Ceawlin, who was the son of Cynric, who was the son of Creoda, who was the son of Cerdic, who was the son of Elesa, who was the son of Gewis, from whome the Britons name all that nation Gegwis [FOOTNOTE: The Gewissae, generally understood to be the West-Saxons.], who was the son of Brond, who was the son of Beldeg, who was the son of Woden, who was the son of Frithowald, who was the son of Frealaf, who was the son of Frithuwulf, who was the son of Finn of Godwulf, who was the son of Geat, which Geat the pagans long worshipped as a god.
Geat was the son of Taetwa, who was the son of Beaw, who was the son of Sceldi [= SCELDWA in trans. by Keynes & Lapidge], who was the son of Heremod, who was the son of Itermon, who was the son of Hathra, who was the son of Gula [= HWALA in trans. by K & L], who was the son of Bedwig, who was the son of Shem [= SETH in trans. by K & L, but this is probably an error], who was the son of Noah, who was the son of Lamech, who was the son of Methusalem [= METHUSALAH], who was the son of Enoch, who was the son of Malaleel [= MAHALALEEL], who was the son of Cainian [= CAINAN in trans. by K & L], who was the son of Enos, who was the son of Seth, who was the son of Adam.
-Charlotte's Web Geneology http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0012/g0000070.htm#I561
Immigrant O
Last Edited24 Mar 2001 
 
CoParent NN of Kent, Princess of Kent (?)
Son-Bio* King of England and Wessex Eggbert ENGLAND+

  1. Alckmund Alt. Spelling.
  2. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0012/g0000070.htm#I561.

King of France Louis 'the Stammerer' (?) II1,2 (M)
b. 01 Nov 0846, d. 10 Apr 0879
Pedigree
Father-Bio*13 Jun 0823King of France, King of West Franks, Holy Roman Emperor Charles 'the Bald' Martel II
Mother-Bio*c 0825Ermentrude d'ORLEANS
Father-Bio13 Jun 0823King of France, King of West Franks, Holy Roman Emperor Charles 'the Bald' Martel II
Father-Bio13 Jun 0823King of France, King of West Franks, Holy Roman Emperor Charles 'the Bald' Martel II3
Mother-Bio0825Ermentrude d'ORLEANS
Mother-Bio27 Sep 0830Ermentrude of Orléans (?)3
Note Family Source4
Event-Misc* M3
Name-Var Louis II 'the Stammerer,' (?) King of West Franks3
Note Louis II, 'The Stammerer' King Of The Franks divorced Ansgarde PrincessOf Burgundy in 862 Source: 'Pedigrees of Some of the Emperor Charlemagne's Descendants',Langston & Buck, 1986, p 197.
Note Family Source4
Note Louis II, byname LOUIS THE STAMMERER, French LOUIS LE BÈGUE (b. Nov. 1,846--d. April 10, 879, Compiègne, Fr.), king of Francia Occidentalis (theWest Frankish kingdom) from 877 until his death. After the death of his elder brother Charles in 866, Louis, the son ofKing Charles II the Bald, was made king of Aquitaine under his father'stutelage in 867. Charles became emperor in 875 and two years later leftLouis as regent while he defended Italy for Pope John VIII. Louis waselected king of the West Franks to succeed his father as king of the WestFranks in December 877, but not as emperor. He was crowned king byHincmar, archbishop of Reims, on Dec. 8, and in Sept. 878 he wasconsecrated afresh by Pope John VIII. At a council at Troyes in 878, thePope attempted to force Louis to take up the role of defender of thepapacy, but Louis refused. Louis and his cousin Louis the Younger, rulerof the East Frankish kingdom, agreed to maintain the division ofLotharingia that their respective fathers had negotiated in the Treaty ofMersen in 870. Louis had hoped to redistribute offices of state but wasfrustrated by the Frankish magnates, who had accepted him as king on thecondition that he respect their possessions and rights. After anineffectual reign of eighteen months Louis died at Compiègne on April 10or 11, 879. By his first wife, Ansgarde, a Burgundian princess, he had two sons, hissuccessors, Louis III. and Carloman; by his second wife, Adelaide, he hada posthumous son, Charles the Simple, who also became king of France.[Encyclopædia Britannica, 1971 ed., Vol. 14, pg. 414, LOUIS II;Encyclopaedia Britannica CD '97, LOUIS II]3
Note* His father Charles the Bald made him divorce Ansgarde and marry Adelaide. King of Neustria ; King of Acquitane ; King of France ; Emperor of the West . -Charlotte's Web Geneology http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0011/g0000064.htm#I477
GEDCOM* BURIAL: Notre-Dame monastery near Compiegne, _FA11
Name-Var Louis II the Stammerer King of France
Birth*01 Nov 0846 
Birth01 Nov 08465,3
Birth*01 Nov 0846FRA1
Marriage08622
Marriagebt 0868 -
0870		Adelaide de Paris6,3
Marriage*c 0869 
Marriagec 0875Adelaide de Paris3
Marriage*Feb 0875Adelaide de Paris7
Event-Miscbt 0877 -
0879		King of the West Franks, Type: Reigned6,3
Event-Misc08 Dec 0877Crowned at Reims by Hincmar, Archbishop of Reims, Type: Crowned8,3
Event-Miscbt 0878 -
0879		Emperor of the West, Type: Reigned6,3
Death*10 Apr 0879Compiegne, Oisne, FRA1
Death10 Apr 0879Compiègne, Oise, France6,9,3
Death*10 Apr 0879Compiegne, Oise, France
Immigrant O
Last Edited7 Apr 2003 
 
CoParent  
Son-Bio*c 0863King of France Louis (?) III2
 
CoParent Adelaide de Paris
Dau-Bioc 0870Ermentrude de France+3
Dau-Bio*c 0870Ermentrude de France+
Dau-Bioc 0870Ermentrude de France+
Son-Bio*17 Sep 0879Charles III 'The Simple' (?) King of West Franks, King of France+3,2

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0011/g0000064.htm#I477.
  2. [S96] (216) 237-5364 e-mail address, 25 Dec., 1992.
  3. [S101] Unknown compiler, 20 March, 2001.
  4. [S1904] Unknown compiler, 17 FEB 2003.
  5. [S113] Unknown author, Encyclopædia Britannica, 1961 ed., Vol. 14, pg. 414, LOUIS II., King of France.
  6. [S110] Roderick W. Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, 3rd ed., p. 93, Line 171, Gen. 38.
  7. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0011/g0000064.htm#I477

    Feb prob 875.
  8. [S113] Unknown author, Encyclopædia Britannica, 1961 ed., Vol. 14, pg. 414, Louis II.
  9. [S108] Unknown author, Encyclopædia Britannica CD '97, LOUIS II.

Adelaide de Paris1,2,3 (F)
b. c 0858, d. a 0901
Pedigree
Father-Bio* Adalard de Bourgogne Count of the Palace
Father-Bioc 0800Bego II de Paris Comte de paris2
Birthbt 0855 -
0860		4,2
Birth*c 08585
Marriagebt 0868 -
0870		King of France Louis 'the Stammerer' (?) II6,2
Marriagec 0875King of France Louis 'the Stammerer' (?) II2
Marriage*Feb 0875King of France Louis 'the Stammerer' (?) II7
Death*a 09015
Death10 Nov 09016,2
Immigrant O
Last Edited16 Apr 2001 
 
CoParent King of France Louis 'the Stammerer' (?) II
Dau-Bioc 0870Ermentrude de France+2
Dau-Bio*c 0870Ermentrude de France+
Son-Bio*17 Sep 0879Charles III 'The Simple' (?) King of West Franks, King of France+2

  1. Adelaide was not a daughter of Bego of Paris. He died in 816 (the confusion in Stuart is probably due to a charter of Chas the Bald, dated 861, which is false, as demonstrated by G.Tessier, _Recueil des chartes de Charles le Chauve_ etc). However she was descended from him through her paternal grandmother Suzanna who was Bego's daughter (K.Werner, 'Die Nachkommen die Karl der Grosse', _Karl der Grosse_ (ed W.Braunfels) vol IV, 432-9, which traces her family). -Charlotte's Web Geneology http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0008/g0000100.htm#I5751.
  2. [S101] Unknown compiler, 20 March, 2001.
  3. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo.
  4. [S110] Roderick W. Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, 3rd ed., p. 93, Line 141, Gen. 38.
  5. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0008/g0000100.htm#I5751.
  6. [S110] Roderick W. Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, 3rd ed., p. 93, Line 171, Gen. 38.
  7. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0011/g0000064.htm#I477

    Feb prob 875.

Ermentrude de France1 (F)
b. c 0870
Pedigree
Father-Bio*01 Nov 0846King of France Louis 'the Stammerer' (?) II
Mother-Bio*c 0858Adelaide de Paris
Father-Bio01 Nov 0846King of France Louis 'the Stammerer' (?) II2
Father-Bio01 Nov 0846King of France Louis 'the Stammerer' (?) II
Mother-Bioc 0858Adelaide de Paris2
Name-Var Ermentrude of Francia (?)2
Name-Var Ermentrude, Princess of the West Franks (?)2
Event-Misc F2
Birth*c 08701
Birthc 08703,2
Immigrant O
Last Edited29 Mar 2003 
 
CoParent NN (?)
Dau-Bio*bt 0870 -
0890		Kunigunde, (?) Princess of the West Franks+2
 
CoParent  
Dau-Bio*c 0890Cunigunde de FRANCE+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0009/g0000081.htm#I5868.
  2. [S101] Unknown compiler, 20 March, 2001.
  3. [S110] Roderick W. Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, 3rd ed., p. 179, Line 353, Gen. 38.

Ermentrude d'ORLEANS1 (F)
b. c 0825, d. 0869
Pedigree
Father-Bio* Eudes d'Orleans Comte d'Orleans
Birth*c 08251
Marriage*0842King of France, King of West Franks, Holy Roman Emperor Charles 'the Bald' Martel II2,3
Death*0869St Denis, FRA1
Immigrant O
Last Edited26 Mar 2001 
 
CoParent King of France, King of West Franks, Holy Roman Emperor Charles 'the Bald' Martel II
Dau-Bio*0844Judith Martel+
Son-Bio*01 Nov 0846King of France Louis 'the Stammerer' (?) II+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0008/g0000071.htm#I481.
  2. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0008/g0000070.htm#I480.
  3. [S96] (216) 237-5364 e-mail address, 25 Dec., 1992.

Judith Martel1 (F)
b. 0844, d. 0870
Pedigree
Father-Bio*13 Jun 0823King of France, King of West Franks, Holy Roman Emperor Charles 'the Bald' Martel II
Mother-Bio*c 0825Ermentrude d'ORLEANS
Father-Bio13 Jun 0823King of France, King of West Franks, Holy Roman Emperor Charles 'the Bald' Martel II
Mother-Bio0825Ermentrude d'ORLEANS
Note JUDITH (WEST FRANKS) Princess of the West Franks was born in 844. Shedied after 870. Aged 12 when married to Aethelwulf; aged 16 when marriedto her son-in-law Aethelbald --- William George Searle, *Anglo-Saxon Bishops, Kings and Nobles*, Cambridge, 1899, p 343 [Custer February 1, 2002 Family Tree.FTW] [merge G675.FTW] JUDITH (WEST FRANKS) Princess of the West Franks was born in 844. Shedied after 870. Aged 12 when married to Aethelwulf; aged 16 when marriedto her son-in-law Aethelbald --- William George Searle, *Anglo-Saxon Bishops, Kings and Nobles*, Cambridge, 1899, p 343 Second wife of Ethelwulf. Age 13 at age of marriage. Daughter of Charlesthe Bald, King of France and Emperor of the Romans. Granddaughter ofCharlemagne. Her father King Charles the Bald of France forced KingEthebald to return Judith and confined her to the solitude of thecloister. The story has a more cheerful ending, for Queen Judith finallyeloped with Baldwin, Count of Flanders, thereby becoming an ancestress ofMatilda, the queen of William the Conqueror
Name-Var Judith of the West Franks
Name-Marr King of Wessex
Name-Marr Ct de Flanders
Note AEthelwulf King of Wessex; 'Judith, Charles the Bald's daughter, was crowned and anointed on the occasion of her marriage to king Aethelwulf of Wessex in 856. Aethelwulf conferred on Judith the title of queen, which according to Prudentius of Troyes was 'not customary to him or to his people.' Judith's anointingmay have been intended in part as a form of protection. She was after allthe first Carolingian princess to be married to a foreign ruler, and she wasat twelve years of age marrying an elderly man with a clutch of sons olderthan herself. The marriage itself has been associated with Charles the Bald's need for English assistance against the Vikings.' --- Rosamond McKitterick, *The Frankish Kingdoms under the Carolingians751-987*, London & NY (Longman) 1983, p 194-195[Custer February 1, 2002Family Tree.FTW] [merge G675.FTW] 'Judith, Charles the Bald's daughter, was crowned and anointed on the occasion of her marriage to king Aethelwulf of Wessex in 856. Aethelwulf conferred on Judith the title of queen, which according to Prudentius of Troyes was 'not customary to him or to his people.' Judith's anointingmay have been intended in part as a form of protection. She was after allthe first Carolingian princess to be married to a foreign ruler, and she wasat twelve years of age marrying an elderly man with a clutch of sons olderthan herself. The marriage itself has been associated with Charles the Bald's need for English assistance against the Vikings.' --- Rosamond McKitterick, *The Frankish Kingdoms under the Carolingians751-987*, London & NY (Longman) 1983, p 194-195
Note AEthelwulf King of Wessex; Family Source2
Note Ethelbald King of Wessex; Family Source2
Note Baudouin I Bras der Fer Ct de Flanders; Family Source2
Birth*0844France
Marriage*01 Oct 0856AEthelwulf King of Wessex
Marriage*bt 0858 -
0860		Ethelbald King of Wessex
Marriage*0862Baudouin I Bras der Fer Ct de Flanders; Flanders, Nord, France
Death*0870 
Immigrant O
Last Edited8 Apr 2003 
 
CoParent Baudouin I Bras der Fer Ct de Flanders
Son-Bio*0863Baudouin II the Bald Ct de Flanders+
Dau-Bio*0865Widnille de Flanders+
Son-Bio*bt 0865 -
0867		Rudolf (Raoul) de Flanders Ct de Cambray

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0008/g0000071.htm#I481.
  2. [S1904] Unknown compiler, 17 FEB 2003.

Eudes d'Orleans Comte d'Orleans1 (M)
Immigrant O
Last Edited12 Apr 2001 
 
CoParent  
Dau-Bio*c 0825Ermentrude d'ORLEANS+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0011/g0000020.htm#I491.

Adalard de Bourgogne Count of the Palace1 (M)
Pedigree
Mother-Bio* Suzanna de Paris
Note* Adalard: he was not Count of Paris [for Conrad (the Welf one) is mentioned specifically as Count of Paris in 876 by the _Annals of St.Bertin_ written contemporaneously at Reims]. -Charlotte's Web Geneology http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0009/g0000001.htm#I5752
Immigrant O
Last Edited12 Apr 2001 
 
CoParent  
Dau-Bio*c 0858Adelaide de Paris+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0009/g0000001.htm#I5752.

Suzanna de Paris1 (F)
Pedigree
Father-Bio*c 0800Bego II de Paris Comte de paris
Immigrant O
Last Edited7 Mar 2001 
 
CoParent  
Son-Bio* Adalard de Bourgogne Count of the Palace+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0004/g0000051.htm#I7109.

Bego II de Paris Comte de paris1 (M)
b. c 0800, d. a 23 Apr 0861
Pedigree
Father-Bio* Eberhard de PARIS
Father-Bioc 0772Adalhard (?) , Count of Paris/2
Event-Misc M2
Name-Var Begue II, Count of Paris (?)2
Birth*c 08002
Deathc 08612
Death*a 23 Apr 0861 
Death*a 23 Apr 08613,2
Immigrant O
Last Edited26 Mar 2003 
 
CoParent  
Dau-Bio* Suzanna de Paris+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0006/g0000091.htm#I7110.
  2. [S101] Unknown compiler, 20 March, 2001.
  3. [S110] Roderick W. Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, 3rd ed., p. 178, Line 350, Gen. 39.

Regnier III de Hainault Comte de Hainault, Mons, et Brabant1 (M)
d. 0973
Pedigree
Father-Bio* Regnier II 'longneck' de Hainault Count de Hainault
Mother-Bio* Alice [Adelaide] de BOURGOGNE
Father-Bio Regnier II 'longneck' de Hainault Count de Hainault2
Father-Bio Regnier II 'longneck' de Hainault Count de Hainault3
Mother-Bio Alice [Adelaide] de BOURGOGNE2
Mother-Bio Alice [Adelaide] de BOURGOGNE3
Event-Misc M3
Name-Var Rainier III, Count of Hainaut (?)3
Name-Var Regnier III, Count of Hainaut (?)3
Name-Var Count (?)2
Name-Var Regnier III Of Hainault2
Birthc 09203
Death*09731
Death09733
Death09732
Immigrant O
Last Edited12 Apr 2001 
 
CoParent Adele de TOXANDRIE
Son-Bioc 0958Lambert I de Hainault Comte de Mons, Comte de Louvaine j.u.+3
Son-Bioc 0958Lambert I de Hainault Comte de Mons, Comte de Louvaine j.u.+2
Son-Bio*c 0958Lambert I de Hainault Comte de Mons, Comte de Louvaine j.u.+
Son-Bio0950Regnier IV de HAINAULT+2
Son-Bio0950Regnier IV de HAINAULT+3
Son-Bio*0950Regnier IV de HAINAULT+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0010/g0000021.htm#I735.
  2. [S485] Mary Schaffer, 17 Nov 2001.
  3. [S101] Unknown compiler, 20 March, 2001.

Adele de TOXANDRIE1 (F)
d. 0961
Pedigree
Father-Bio*c 0958Lambert I de Hainault Comte de Mons, Comte de Louvaine j.u.
Mother-Bio*c 0890NN of the Betuwe (?)2
Father-Bioc 0958Lambert I de Hainault Comte de Mons, Comte de Louvaine j.u.2
Name-Var Adele of Louvain (?)2
Name-Var Adele de Dagsbourg2
Name-Var Adele (?)3
Event-Misc F2
Birthc 09202
Death*09611
Death09614,2
Immigrant O
Last Edited9 Apr 2003 
 
CoParent Regnier III de Hainault Comte de Hainault, Mons, et Brabant
Son-Bioc 0958Lambert I de Hainault Comte de Mons, Comte de Louvaine j.u.+2
Son-Bioc 0958Lambert I de Hainault Comte de Mons, Comte de Louvaine j.u.+3
Son-Bio*c 0958Lambert I de Hainault Comte de Mons, Comte de Louvaine j.u.+
Son-Bio0950Regnier IV de HAINAULT+3
Son-Bio0950Regnier IV de HAINAULT+2
Son-Bio*0950Regnier IV de HAINAULT+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0010/g0000022.htm#I736.
  2. [S101] Unknown compiler, 20 March, 2001.
  3. [S485] Mary Schaffer, 17 Nov 2001.
  4. [S110] Roderick W. Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, 3rd ed., p. 157, Line 310, Gen. 35.

Regnier IV de HAINAULT1 (M)
b. 0950, d. 1013
Pedigree
Father-Bio* Regnier III de Hainault Comte de Hainault, Mons, et Brabant
Mother-Bio* Adele de TOXANDRIE
Father-Bio Regnier III de Hainault Comte de Hainault, Mons, et Brabant2
Father-Bio Regnier III de Hainault Comte de Hainault, Mons, et Brabant3
Father-Bioc 0918Regnier III Ct de Hainault
Mother-Bio Adele de TOXANDRIE2
Mother-Bio Adele de TOXANDRIE3
Mother-Bioc 0922Adele of Dagsbourg
Name-Var Regnier IV, (?) Count of Hainaut3
Name-Var Count (?)2
Note Rainer or Reginar IV, Count of Hainault, succeeded to his father's titleafter a long struggle to assert his claims. When Rainer III was sent intoexile Duke Bruno gave Hainault to Garmer and Renaud, and after Otto diedRainer and his brother Lambert attacked the two counts and slew them inbattle. Whereupon Otto II took Hainault away from them, but Rainer andLambert reappeared with new forces, but were defeated in 976, and it wasnot until much later that Rainer established himself as first proprietaryCount of Hainault, and ruled in peace after establishing himself at Mons,capital of Hainault. He married Hedwige, daughter of Hugh Capet, King ofFrance, and had Rainer V, and a daughter Beatrix married Count Rouci.
Name-Var Regnier IV Of Hainault2
Name-Var Regnier IV Ct de Hainault
Event-Misc M3
Name-Var Reginald IV, Count of Hainaut (?)3
Note Adwige (Avoise) Capet de France; Family Source4
Birthc 09505,3
Birth*0950Reims
Marriagec 0996Hathuide de France5,6,3
Death10135,3
Death10132
Death*1013 
Immigrant O
Last Edited8 Apr 2003 
 
CoParent Edith Of France
Son-Bio* Regnier V Of Hainault+2
 
CoParent Adwige (Avoise) Capet de France
Son-Bio*0996Renier de Mons Ct de Mons
Dau-Bio*0998Beatrix de Hainault+
Dau-Bio*1000Rotilde de Hainault
 
CoParent Hathuide de France
Dau-Bioc 0997Beatrice of Hainaut (?)+2
Dau-Bio*c 0997Beatrice of Hainaut (?)+3

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0010/g0000022.htm#I736.
  2. [S485] Mary Schaffer, 17 Nov 2001.
  3. [S101] Unknown compiler, 20 March, 2001.
  4. [S1904] Unknown compiler, 17 FEB 2003.
  5. [S110] Roderick W. Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, 3rd ed., p. 73
    Line 139, Gen. 34.
  6. [S110] Roderick W. Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, 3rd ed., p. 85
    Line 163, Gen. 33.

Geoffrey de Chatillon Sur Loing Sire de Chatillon, Comte de Gien1 (M)
Immigrant O
Last Edited12 Apr 2001 
 
CoParent  
Son-Bio* Renaud de CHATILLON-SUR-LOING+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0071/g0000079.htm#I10961.

Bohemund II de Hauteville Prince of Antioch1 (M)
b. bt 1107 - 1108, d. Feb 1130
Pedigree
Father-Bio*bt 1052 -
1068		Marcus Bohemund I de HAUTEVILLE Prince of Antioch, Tarento, and Apulia
Mother-Bio*c 1085Constance de FRANCE
Birth*bt 1107 -
1108		1
Death*Feb 11301
Immigrant O
Last Edited12 Apr 2001 
 
CoParent Alice of JERUSALEM
Dau-Bio*c 1125Princess of Antioch Constance de Hauteville+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0022/g0000013.htm#I5761.

Alice of JERUSALEM1 (F)
Pedigree
Father-Bio* King of Jerusalem, Duke of Bourgogne, P. Edessa Baudouin II 'Brugensis' de Bourg
Mother-Bio* Morphia de MELITIN of Armenia
Immigrant O
Last Edited7 Mar 2001 
 
CoParent Bohemund II de Hauteville Prince of Antioch
Dau-Bio*c 1125Princess of Antioch Constance de Hauteville+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0022/g0000014.htm#I5762.

King of Jerusalem, Duke of Bourgogne, P. Edessa Baudouin II 'Brugensis' de Bourg1 (M)
d. 1131
Pedigree
Father-Bio* Hugues de Rethel Comte de Rethel
Mother-Bio* Milesende de MONTLHERY
Marriage*1101Morphia de MELITIN of Armenia2
Death*11311
Immigrant O
Last Edited26 Mar 2001 
 
CoParent Morphia de MELITIN of Armenia
Dau-Bio* Alice of JERUSALEM+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0022/g0000017.htm#I5765.
  2. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0022/g0000018.htm#I5766.

Morphia de MELITIN of Armenia1 (F)
Pedigree
Father-Bio* Gabriel de MELITINE
Marriage*1101King of Jerusalem, Duke of Bourgogne, P. Edessa Baudouin II 'Brugensis' de Bourg1
Immigrant O
Last Edited11 Apr 2001 
 
CoParent King of Jerusalem, Duke of Bourgogne, P. Edessa Baudouin II 'Brugensis' de Bourg
Dau-Bio* Alice of JERUSALEM+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0022/g0000018.htm#I5766.

Gabriel de MELITINE1 (M)
GEDCOM* of Armenia, _FA11
Marriage*11031
Immigrant O
Last Edited7 Mar 2001 
 
CoParent  
Dau-Bio* Morphia de MELITIN of Armenia+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0105/g0000062.htm#I5771.

Hugues de Rethel Comte de Rethel1 (M)
d. c 1118
Pedigree
Father-Bio* Manasses II de RETHEL
Mother-Bio* (?) Judith
Death*c 11181
Immigrant O
Last Edited12 Apr 2001 
 
CoParent Milesende de MONTLHERY
Son-Bio* King of Jerusalem, Duke of Bourgogne, P. Edessa Baudouin II 'Brugensis' de Bourg+
Son-Bio* Baudouin I de Berg
Dau-Bio* Matilda de RETHEL

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0022/g0000021.htm#I5769.

Milesende de MONTLHERY1 (F)
Immigrant O
Last Edited7 Mar 2001 
 
CoParent Hugues de Rethel Comte de Rethel
Son-Bio* King of Jerusalem, Duke of Bourgogne, P. Edessa Baudouin II 'Brugensis' de Bourg+
Son-Bio* Baudouin I de Berg
Dau-Bio* Matilda de RETHEL

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0105/g0000061.htm#I5770.

Baudouin I de Berg1,2 (M)
Pedigree
Father-Bio* Hugues de Rethel Comte de Rethel
Mother-Bio* Milesende de MONTLHERY
Immigrant O
Last Edited12 Apr 2001 

  1. Bourg Alt. Spelling.
  2. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0105/g0000061.htm#I5770.

Matilda de RETHEL1 (F)
Pedigree
Father-Bio* Hugues de Rethel Comte de Rethel
Mother-Bio* Milesende de MONTLHERY
Immigrant O
Last Edited7 Mar 2001 

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0105/g0000061.htm#I5770.

Manasses II de RETHEL1 (M)
Pedigree
Father-Bio* Manasses I de RETHEL
Mother-Bio* Judith de ROUCY
Immigrant O
Last Edited7 Mar 2001 
 
CoParent (?) Judith
Son-Bio* Hugues de Rethel Comte de Rethel+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0022/g0000021.htm#I5769.

(?) Judith1 (F)
Immigrant O
Last Edited7 Mar 2001 
 
CoParent Manasses II de RETHEL
Son-Bio* Hugues de Rethel Comte de Rethel+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0022/g0000021.htm#I5769.

Manasses I de RETHEL1 (M)
Pedigree
Father-Bio* (?) Manasses
Immigrant O
Last Edited7 Mar 2001 
 
CoParent Judith de ROUCY
Son-Bio* Manasses II de RETHEL+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0022/g0000021.htm#I5769.

Judith de ROUCY1 (F)
Immigrant O
Last Edited7 Mar 2001 
 
CoParent Manasses I de RETHEL
Son-Bio* Manasses II de RETHEL+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0022/g0000021.htm#I5769.

(?) Manasses1 (M)
Immigrant O
Last Edited7 Mar 2001 
 
CoParent  
Son-Bio* Manasses I de RETHEL+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0022/g0000021.htm#I5769.

Marcus Bohemund I de HAUTEVILLE Prince of Antioch, Tarento, and Apulia1 (M)
b. bt 1052 - 1068, d. 08 Mar 1111
Pedigree
Father-Bio*c 1020Robert Guiscard Duca d'Apulia, Calabria, and Pouille
Mother-Bio* (?) Auberee
Birth*bt 1052 -
1068		1
Marriage*b 1106Constance de FRANCE; Easter, Chartres, FRA1
Death*08 Mar 11111
Immigrant O
Last Edited8 Apr 2001 
 
CoParent Constance de FRANCE
Son-Bio*bt 1107 -
1108		Bohemund II de Hauteville Prince of Antioch+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0022/g0000015.htm#I5763.

Constance de FRANCE1 (F)
b. c 1085, d. bt 1124 - 1126
Pedigree
Father-Bio*b 23 May 1052King of France Philippe 'the Fair' de France I
Mother-Bio*c 1055Berthe de HOLLANDE
Father-Biob 23 May 1052King of France Philippe 'the Fair' de France I
Father-Biob 23 May 1052King of France Philippe 'the Fair' de France I
Father-Biob 23 May 1052King of France Philippe 'the Fair' de France I2
Mother-Bioc 1055Berthe de HOLLANDE
Mother-Bioc 1055Berthe de HOLLANDE2
Mother-Bioc 1055Berthe de HOLLANDE
Marriage* 2nd husband
Marriage 2nd husband
Name-Var Constance Princess of France
Name-Var Constance Of France2
Birth*c 10781
Birth*c 1085France
Marriage*b 1106Marcus Bohemund I de HAUTEVILLE Prince of Antioch, Tarento, and Apulia; Easter, Chartres, FRA3
Death*bt 1124 -
1126		1
Immigrant O
Last Edited29 Mar 2003 
 
CoParent  
Son-Bio*1107Bohemond II Prince of Antioch+
Son-Bio*1107Bohemond II Prince of Antioch+
 
CoParent Marcus Bohemund I de HAUTEVILLE Prince of Antioch, Tarento, and Apulia
Son-Bio*bt 1107 -
1108		Bohemund II de Hauteville Prince of Antioch+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0022/g0000016.htm#I5764.
  2. [S485] Mary Schaffer, 17 Nov 2001.
  3. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0022/g0000015.htm#I5763.

(?) Auberee1 (F)
Immigrant O
Last Edited7 Mar 2001 
 
CoParent Robert Guiscard Duca d'Apulia, Calabria, and Pouille
Son-Bio*bt 1052 -
1068		Marcus Bohemund I de HAUTEVILLE Prince of Antioch, Tarento, and Apulia+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0022/g0000003.htm#I8760.

Robert Guiscard Duca d'Apulia, Calabria, and Pouille1 (M)
b. c 1020, d. 17 Jul 1085
Pedigree
Father-Bio*c 0995Tancred de HAUTEVILLE
Mother-Bio* Fredesenda de NORMANDIE
Note* Guiscard = 'the clever' -Charlotte's Web Geneology http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0026/g0000087.htm#I1084
Birth*c 10201
Marriage*bt 1058 -
1059		Sikelgaita di PALERMO1
Death*17 Jul 10851
Immigrant O
Last Edited12 Apr 2001 
 
CoParent Sikelgaita di PALERMO
Dau-Bio* Maud de HAUTEVILLE
Dau-Bio Sibylle GUISCARD
Dau-Bio* Sibylle GUISCARD
 
CoParent (?) Auberee
Son-Bio*bt 1052 -
1068		Marcus Bohemund I de HAUTEVILLE Prince of Antioch, Tarento, and Apulia+
 
CoParent Sikelgaita di SALERNO
Dau-Bio*c 1059Maud de HAUTEVILLE+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0026/g0000087.htm#I1084.

Sikelgaita di PALERMO1 (F)
Marriage*bt 1058 -
1059		Robert Guiscard Duca d'Apulia, Calabria, and Pouille1
Immigrant O
Last Edited7 Mar 2001 
 
CoParent Robert Guiscard Duca d'Apulia, Calabria, and Pouille
Dau-Bio* Maud de HAUTEVILLE
Dau-Bio Sibylle GUISCARD
Dau-Bio* Sibylle GUISCARD

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0026/g0000087.htm#I1084.

Maud de HAUTEVILLE1 (F)
Pedigree
Father-Bio*c 1020Robert Guiscard Duca d'Apulia, Calabria, and Pouille
Mother-Bio* Sikelgaita di PALERMO
Immigrant O
Last Edited7 Mar 2001 

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0026/g0000087.htm#I1084.

Sibylle GUISCARD1 (F)
Pedigree
Father-Bio*c 1020Robert Guiscard Duca d'Apulia, Calabria, and Pouille
Mother-Bio* Sikelgaita di PALERMO
Father-Bioc 1020Robert Guiscard Duca d'Apulia, Calabria, and Pouille
Mother-Bio Sikelgaita di PALERMO
Name-Var (?) GUISCARD1
Immigrant O
Last Edited7 Mar 2001 

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0026/g0000087.htm#I1084.

Fredesenda de NORMANDIE1 (F)
Pedigree
Father-Bio*28 Aug 0933Richard I 'the fearless' de Normandie Comte de Normandie
Immigrant O
Last Edited7 Mar 2001 
 
CoParent Tancred de HAUTEVILLE
Son-Bio* Roger I of SICILY
Son-Bio*c 1020Robert Guiscard Duca d'Apulia, Calabria, and Pouille+

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0026/g0000088.htm#I1085.

Beatrix de NORMANDIE1 (F)
Pedigree
Father-Bio*28 Aug 0933Richard I 'the fearless' de Normandie Comte de Normandie
Immigrant O
Last Edited7 Mar 2001 

  1. [S33] Jones Ancestors, online http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjo, http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0042/g0000019.htm#I238.

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Main Page - Master Index - Surname Index

For comments or corrections please contact
Compiler:
Benjamin McAlester Brink
Saint Louis, Missouri, USA

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