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| Elizabeth Sandbach1 (F) b. 1283 | ||
| Birth* | 1283 | 1 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 7 Mar 2001 | |
| CoParent | Richard Leigh | |
| Dau-Bio* | 1305 | Maud Matilda Leigh+ |
| ||
Emperor of the East Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus VII1 (M) b. 0905, d. 09 Nov 0959 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Emperor of the East Leo 'the Philosopher' (?) VI | |
| Mother-Bio* | Regent Zoe Karbunopsina | |
| Birth* | 0905 | 1 |
| Death* | 09 Nov 0959 | 1 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 24 Mar 2001 | |
| CoParent | Helena LEPACANOS | |
| Son-Bio* | 0940 | Emperor of the East Romanus Porphyrogenitus II+ |
| ||
Helena LEPACANOS1 (F) d. 19 Sep 0961 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Emperor of the East Romanus Lepecanus I | |
| Mother-Bio* | (?) Theodora | |
| Death* | 19 Sep 0961 | 1 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 7 Mar 2001 | |
| CoParent | Emperor of the East Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus VII | |
| Son-Bio* | 0940 | Emperor of the East Romanus Porphyrogenitus II+ |
| ||
(?) Theodora1 (F) | ||
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 7 Mar 2001 | |
| CoParent | Emperor of the East Romanus Lepecanus I | |
| Dau-Bio* | Helena LEPACANOS+ | |
| ||
Emperor of the East Romanus Lepecanus I1 (M) d. 0948 | ||
| Death* | 0948 | 1 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 24 Mar 2001 | |
| CoParent | (?) Theodora | |
| Dau-Bio* | Helena LEPACANOS+ | |
| ||
Emperor of the East Leo 'the Philosopher' (?) VI1 (M) d. 0912 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | 0813 | Emperor of the East Basil 'the Macedonian' (?) I |
| Mother-Bio* | Eudokia INGERINA | |
| Note* | The father of Leo VI identity is not certain (and probably his mother did not know that herself) Possibilities: 1) emp. Basil I, 2) emp. Michael III. http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0095/g0000008.htm#I622 | |
| Death* | 0912 | 1 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 24 Mar 2001 | |
| CoParent | Regent Zoe Karbunopsina | |
| Dau-Bio* | Anna of BYZANTIUM | |
| Son-Bio* | 0905 | Emperor of the East Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus VII+ |
| ||
Regent Zoe Karbunopsina1 (F) | ||
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 26 Mar 2001 | |
| CoParent | Emperor of the East Leo 'the Philosopher' (?) VI | |
| Dau-Bio* | Anna of BYZANTIUM | |
| Son-Bio* | 0905 | Emperor of the East Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus VII+ |
| ||
Anna of BYZANTIUM1 (F) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Emperor of the East Leo 'the Philosopher' (?) VI | |
| Mother-Bio* | Regent Zoe Karbunopsina | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 31 Mar 2001 | |
| ||
Emperor of the East Basil 'the Macedonian' (?) I1 (M) b. 0813, d. 29 Aug 0886 | ||
| Birth* | 0813 | 1 |
| Marriage* | c 0865 | Eudokia INGERINA2 |
| Death* | 29 Aug 0886 | 1 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 24 Mar 2001 | |
| CoParent | Eudokia INGERINA | |
| Son-Bio* | Emperor of the East Leo 'the Philosopher' (?) VI+ | |
| ||
Eudokia INGERINA1 (F) | ||
| Marriage* | c 0865 | Emperor of the East Basil 'the Macedonian' (?) I1 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 7 Mar 2001 | |
| CoParent | Emperor of the East Basil 'the Macedonian' (?) I | |
| Son-Bio* | Emperor of the East Leo 'the Philosopher' (?) VI+ | |
| ||
Waltheof II (?) Earl of Northumberland and Huntingdon, Lord of Hallamsshire, Wolthamstow, and Totleenham1 (M) b. c 1045, d. 31 May 1076 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Siward DIGERA | |
| Mother-Bio* | c 1027 | Aefreda of NORTHUMBERLAND |
| Father-Bio | c 1020 | Syward, (?) Earl of Northumbria2 |
| Mother-Bio | c 1027 | Aefreda of NORTHUMBERLAND2 |
| Note | The county which gives designation to this earldom of Huntingdon was,according to Dr. Heylin, a thickly wooded forest until the reign of the2nd Henry, when the timber was first cleared away; the chief town, fromthe celebrity of the forest as a chase, was called Huntingtown, whichsoon became abbreviated into Huntington, or Huntingdon. The Earldom ofHuntingdom was conferred by William the Conqueror upon Waltheof (son ofSyward, the Saxon Earl of Northumberland), who had m. the dau. of thatmonarch's sister, by the mother's side, Judith. He was also Earl ofNorthampton, and of Northumberland, but conspiring against the Normans,he was beheaded in 1073 at Winchester, leaving issue, Maud and Judith.[Sir Bernard Burke, Dormant, Abeyant, Forfeited, and Extinct Peerages,Burke's Peerage, Ltd., London, 1883, p. 467-8, St. Liz, Earls ofHuntingdon] ---------- Waltheof was the last of the Old English earls to survive under WilliamI, his execution for treason in 1076 marking a significant stage in thearistocratic and tenurial revolution which followed 1066. Younger son ofSiward, the Danish earl of Northumbria (1041-55) and Aelflaed, daughterof Aldred, earl of Northumbria, Waltheof received an earldom consistingof the shires of Huntingdon, Bedford, Northampton, Rutland, and Cambridgein 1065. As one of the few English magnates not from the Godwin faction,he accepted and was accepted by William I, witnessing royal charters andremaining loyal to the new regime until 1069 when he joined with theDanes in their invasion of Northumbria. He was prominent in theircapture of York, hoping, no doubt, to be restored to his father'sposition. This opportunism is perhaps more characteristic of Englishmagnate reactions to the political turmoil of 1065-70 than any supposednational feeling. However, the revolt and invasion were defeated byWilliam's winter campaign of 1069-70. It is a measure of William'sinsecurity that when Waltheof submitted in 1070 he was restored to royalfavour and, in 1072, added the earldom of Northumbria to his holdings.To bind him more tightly to the Norman dispensation, William gave him hisniece Judith in marriage. But in 1075, Waltheof was implicated in thelargely French revolt led by Ralph, earl of Norfolk, and Roger, earl ofHereford. Despite his lack of military action, his confession, apparentcontrition and the support of Archbishop Lanfranc, Waltheof was executedon 31 May 1076. The king's motives are obscure. Waltheof was the only prominentEnglishman to be executed in the reign. Perhaps his removal was part ofWilliam's justifiably nervous response to the problem of controllingNorthumbria. It may have made sense to take the chance to remove apotential --- and proven --- focus of northern discontent. YetWaltheof's heirs were not harried, one daughter, Matilda, marrying DavidI of Scotland (1042-53), and another Ralph IV of Tosny, a leading Normanbaron. Waltheof is a significant reminder that the period around 1066 wastransitional, with no necessarily definite beginnings or endings.Waltheof adapted to the new order, falling foul, it seems, of theambitions and schemes of others, not least of parvenus Frenchmen. Hemarried into the new elite, yet embodied the old. Heir to both Englishand Anglo-Danish traditions, it was he who completed one of the mostcelebrated of Anglo-Saxon blood-feuds. In 1016, Uchtred, earl ofNorthumbria was murdered by a northern nobleman called Thurbrand. Hewas, in turn, killed by Uchtred's son and successor, Ealdred, who washimself slain by Thurbrand's son, Carl. Waltheof's mother was Ealdred'sdaughter and he avenged his great-grandfather and grandfather bymassacring a number of Carl's sons. Waltheof was buried at Crowland Abbey where, as did many martyrs to royalpolicy in the middle ages, he found posthumous fame in a cult which, bythe mid-twelfth century, was venerating him as a saint. Yet his careerin the north shows that not far beneath the measured tones of Normanpropagandists or the efficient gloss of English bureaucratic proceduressimmered the violence of Dark Age epic. [Who's Who in Early MedievalEngland, Christopher Tyerman, Shepheard-Walwyn, Ltd., London, 1996;Encyclopædia Britannica CD, 1997]2 | |
| Event-Misc* | M2 | |
| Name-Var | Waltheof II, Earl of Northumberland (?)2 | |
| Name-Var | Waltheof II, (?) Earl of Huntingdon2 | |
| Note* | Earl of Nurthumberland and Huntingdon, Lord of Hallamsshire, Wolthamstow & Totleenham In the Spring and Summer of 1075, the Earls of Norfolk and Hereford were conspiring to seize England for themselves, and they enticed Waltheof to join in. He quickly changed his mind, and reconciled with the King, who treated the matter lightly, but at Christmas 1075, Waltheof was brought to trial, his wife (the King's niece) being a witness against him. When the trial resumed in May Waltheof was found guilty and beheaded on St. Giles's Hill (I suppose this is in Winchester, which is where he was tried) on 31 May 1076. --William Addams Reitwiesner - wrei@@erols.com -Charlotte's Web Geneology http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0105/g0000053.htm#I942 | |
| Birth* | c 1045 | 1 |
| Birth | 1045 | Huntingdon, Northumberland, England3,2 |
| Event-Misc | 1065 | Earl of Huntingdon, Northampton and Northumberland, Type: Titled3,2 |
| Marriage | 1070 | Judith de Lens4,5,2 |
| Marriage* | 1070 | Judith de Lens6 |
| Death | 31 May 1076 | St. Giles Hill, Winchester, Southampton, England, Unknown GEDCOM info: Decapitation3,2 |
| Death* | 31 May 1076 | St. Giles Hill, executed1 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 8 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Judith de Lens | |
| Dau-Bio* | Adeliza [Judith] of HUNTINGDON | |
| Dau-Bio* | c 1072 | Maud (?) of Huntington+2 |
| Dau-Bio* | c 1076 | Judith of Huntingdon (?)+2 |
| ||
Judith de Lens1 (F) b. 1054, d. a 1086 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Lambert de Boulogne Count de Lens | |
| Mother-Bio* | c 1030 | Adelaide de NORMANDIE Ct. d'Aumale |
| Father-Bio | Lambert de Boulogne Count de Lens2 | |
| Mother-Bio | c 1030 | Adelaide de NORMANDIE Ct. d'Aumale2 |
| Name-Var | Judith of Lens (?)2 | |
| Event-Misc* | F2 | |
| Note* | After the execution of Waltheof, Earl of Huntingdon, King William offeredJudith, his niece, the deceased earl's widow, in marriage to Simon St.Liz, a noble Norman, but the lady peremptorily rejected the alliance,owing, Dugdale says, to St. Liz's halting in one leg, which refusal sodispleased the Conqueror that he immediately seized upon the castle andhonour of Huntingdon, which the countess held in dower, exposing herselfand her dau. to a state of privation and obscurity in the Isle of Ely andother places, while he bestowed upon the said Simon St. Liz the town ofNorthampton and the whole hundred of Falkeley, then valued at £40 perannum, to provide shoes for his horses. St. Liz thus diappointed inobtaining the hand of the Countess of Huntingdon, made his addresses withgreater success to her elder dau., the Lady Maud, who became his wife,when William conferred upon the said Simon de St. Liz, the Earldoms ofHuntingdon and Northampton. [Sir Bernard Burke, Dormant, Abeyant,Forfeited, and Extinct Peerages, Burke's Peerage, Ltd., London, 1883, p.467-8, St. Liz, Earls of Huntingdon] NOTE: The parentage of Judith of Lens has come under critical study sincethe early 1970's, when Enguerrand II was thought by some to be herfather. The currently acceptable parentage among most scholars is asstated, i.e., Lambert of Boulogne. [Roderick W. Stuart, Royalty forCommoners, 3rd ed., Genealogical Publishing Company, Baltimore MD, 1998]2 | |
| Name-Var | Judith de Boulogne2 | |
| Birth* | 1054 | Lens, Normandie, FRA1 |
| Birth | 1054 | Lens, Normandy, France3,4,2 |
| Marriage | 1070 | Waltheof II (?) Earl of Northumberland and Huntingdon, Lord of Hallamsshire, Wolthamstow, and Totleenham3,4,2 |
| Marriage* | 1070 | Waltheof II (?) Earl of Northumberland and Huntingdon, Lord of Hallamsshire, Wolthamstow, and Totleenham1 |
| Death* | a 1086 | 1 |
| Death | a 1086 | 3,2 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 11 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Waltheof II (?) Earl of Northumberland and Huntingdon, Lord of Hallamsshire, Wolthamstow, and Totleenham | |
| Dau-Bio* | Adeliza [Judith] of HUNTINGDON | |
| Dau-Bio* | c 1072 | Maud (?) of Huntington+2 |
| Dau-Bio* | c 1076 | Judith of Huntingdon (?)+2 |
| ||
Adeliza [Judith] of HUNTINGDON1 (F) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | c 1045 | Waltheof II (?) Earl of Northumberland and Huntingdon, Lord of Hallamsshire, Wolthamstow, and Totleenham |
| Mother-Bio* | 1054 | Judith de Lens |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 31 Mar 2001 | |
| ||
Lambert de Boulogne Count de Lens1 (M) d. 1054 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Eustace I de Boulogne Comte de Boulogne | |
| Mother-Bio* | Maude de LOUVAINE | |
| Father-Bio | Eustace I de Boulogne Comte de Boulogne2 | |
| Mother-Bio | Maude de LOUVAINE2 | |
| Event-Misc | M2 | |
| Name-Var | Lambert of Lens, (?) Count of Lens-Aumale2 | |
| Name-Var | Lambert de Boulogne2 | |
| Birth | c 1022 | Lens, Normandy, France3,2 |
| Marriage* | bt 1053 - 1054 | Adelaide de NORMANDIE Ct. d'Aumale4 |
| Marriage | bt 1053 - 1054 | Adelaide de NORMANDIE Ct. d'Aumale3,2 |
| Death* | 1054 | killed, Phalampin1 |
| Death | 1054 | Battle of Lille, Phalampin, France3,2 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Adelaide de NORMANDIE Ct. d'Aumale | |
| Dau-Bio | 1054 | Judith de Lens+2 |
| Dau-Bio* | 1054 | Judith de Lens+ |
| ||
Adelaide de NORMANDIE Ct. d'Aumale1 (F) b. c 1030, d. bt 1081 - 1084 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | c 0999 | Sixth Duc de Normandie Robert 'the Magnificient' de Normandie I |
| Mother-Bio* | c 1003 | Herlette de FALAISE |
| Father-Bio | c 0999 | Sixth Duc de Normandie Robert 'the Magnificient' de Normandie I2 |
| Mother-Bio | c 1003 | Herlette de FALAISE2 |
| Event-Misc | F2 | |
| Name-Var | Adelaide of Normandy, (?) Countess of Aumale3,2 | |
| Name-Var | Adelaide d'Aumale2 | |
| Birth* | c 1026 | Falaise, Normandy, FRA1 |
| Birth* | c 1030 | Falaise, Calvados, France4,2 |
| Marriage* | bt 1053 - 1054 | Lambert de Boulogne Count de Lens1 |
| Marriage* | bt 1053 - 1054 | Lambert de Boulogne Count de Lens5,2 |
| Death* | bt 1081 - 1084 | 4,2 |
| Death* | b 1090 | 1 |
| Death | b 1090 | 2 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 28 Mar 2003 | |
| CoParent | Eudes III d'AUMALE | |
| Son-Bio* | Stephen d'AUMALE | |
| CoParent | Enguerrand II de PONTHIEU | |
| Dau-Bio* | Helisende de PONTHIEU | |
| CoParent | Lambert de Boulogne Count de Lens | |
| Dau-Bio | 1054 | Judith de Lens+2 |
| Dau-Bio* | 1054 | Judith de Lens+ |
| ||
Herlette de FALAISE1 (F) b. c 1003, d. c 1050 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | c 0980 | Fulbert de FALAISE |
| Mother-Bio* | c 0974 | Doda (?) |
| Father-Bio | c 0973 | Hulbert de Falaise2 |
| Mother-Bio | c 0973 | Doda (?)2 |
| Marriage | Not Married | Sixth Duc de Normandie Robert 'the Magnificient' de Normandie I2 |
| Name-Var | Harlette de Falaise3,2 | |
| Event-Misc* | F2 | |
| Name-Var | Herleve of Falaise (?)2 | |
| GEDCOM* | of Calvados, Normandie, FRA, _FA11 | |
| GEDCOM | Sixth Duc de Normandie Robert 'the Magnificient' de Normandie I; _MST Other2 | |
| Birth* | c 1003 | 1 |
| Birth | c 1003 | Falaise, Calvados, France4,2 |
| Marriage* | c 1023 | Sixth Duc de Normandie Robert 'the Magnificient' de Normandie I1 |
| Marriage | bt 1028 - 1030 | Herluin de Conteville , Seigneur de Conteville5,2 |
| Marriage | c 1029 | Herluin de Conteville , Seigneur de Conteville2 |
| Death* | c 1050 | 1 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 7 Mar 2001 | |
| CoParent | Sixth Duc de Normandie Robert 'the Magnificient' de Normandie I | |
| Son-Bio | 14 Oct 1024 | William I 'the conqueror' of ENGLAND+2 |
| Son-Bio | 14 Oct 1024 | William I 'the conqueror' of ENGLAND+ |
| Son-Bio* | 14 Oct 1024 | William I 'the conqueror' of ENGLAND+ |
| Dau-Bio* | c 1030 | Adelaide de NORMANDIE Ct. d'Aumale+ |
| Dau-Bio | c 1030 | Adelaide de NORMANDIE Ct. d'Aumale+2 |
| CoParent | Herluin de Conteville , Seigneur de Conteville | |
| Dau-Bio* | 1032 | Emma de Conteville+2 |
| Son-Bio* | a 1040 | Robert de Mortain , Earl of Mortain and Cornwall+2 |
| ||
Sixth Duc de Normandie Robert 'the Magnificient' de Normandie I1 (M) b. c 0999, d. 22 Jul 1035 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | 0958 | Fourth Duc de Normandie Richard 'the Good' de Normandie II |
| Mother-Bio* | c 0982 | Judith de RENNES |
| Mother-Bio | c 0982 | Judith de RENNES2 |
| Marriage | Not Married | Herlette de FALAISE2 |
| Burial* | Nicaea Cathedral, Bithynia, Turkey2 | |
| Name-Var | Robert I 'the Devil,' (?) 6th Duke of Normandy2 | |
| Note* | Robert I, byname ROBERT THE MAGNIFICENT, or THE DEVIL, French ROBERT LEMAGNIFIQUE, or LE DIABLE (d. July 1035, Nicaea), duke of Normandy(1027-35), the younger son of Richard II of Normandy and the father, byhis mistress Arlette, of William the Conqueror of England. On the deathof his father (1026/27), Robert contested the duchy with his elderbrother Richard III, legally the heir, until the latter's opportune deatha few years later. A strong ruler, Robert succeeded in exacting theobedience of his vassals. On the death of Robert II the Pious, king ofFrance (1031), a crisis arose over the succession to the French throne.The Duke gave his support to Henry I against the party favouring hisyounger brother; in reward for his services he demanded and received theVexin Français, a territory not far north of Paris. A patron of themonastic reform movement, he died while returning from a pilgrimage toJerusalem. [Encyclopaedia Britannica CD '97]2 | |
| Event-Misc* | M2 | |
| Name-Var | Robert I 'the Magnificent,' Duke of Normandy (?)2 | |
| GEDCOM* | Herlette de FALAISE; _MST Other2 | |
| Birth* | c 0999 | Normandie, FRA1 |
| Birth | c 1000 | Normandy [France]3,2 |
| Birth | c 1008 | Normandy, France2 |
| Marriage* | c 1023 | Herlette de FALAISE4 |
| Death | 02 Jul 1035 | Nicaea, Bithynia, Turkey2 |
| Death* | 22 Jul 1035 | Nicea, Bthynia, TUR1 |
| Death | 22 Jul 1035 | Nicaea, Bithynia, Turkey3,2 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 26 Mar 2001 | |
| CoParent | Herlette de FALAISE | |
| Son-Bio | 14 Oct 1024 | William I 'the conqueror' of ENGLAND+2 |
| Son-Bio | 14 Oct 1024 | William I 'the conqueror' of ENGLAND+ |
| Son-Bio* | 14 Oct 1024 | William I 'the conqueror' of ENGLAND+ |
| Dau-Bio* | c 1030 | Adelaide de NORMANDIE Ct. d'Aumale+ |
| Dau-Bio | c 1030 | Adelaide de NORMANDIE Ct. d'Aumale+2 |
| ||
William I 'the conqueror' of ENGLAND1 (M) b. 14 Oct 1024, d. 09 Sep 1087 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | c 0999 | Sixth Duc de Normandie Robert 'the Magnificient' de Normandie I |
| Mother-Bio* | c 1003 | Herlette de FALAISE |
| Father-Bio | c 0999 | Sixth Duc de Normandie Robert 'the Magnificient' de Normandie I2 |
| Father-Bio | c 0999 | Sixth Duc de Normandie Robert 'the Magnificient' de Normandie I |
| Mother-Bio | c 1003 | Herlette de FALAISE2 |
| Mother-Bio | c 1003 | Herlette de FALAISE |
| Marriage | Not Married | Maud, a concubine (?)2 |
| Burial* | Unknown | Abbey Of St Step, Caen, Calvados, France3 |
| Burial | Church of St. Stephen, Caen, Calvados, France4,2 | |
| Event-Misc | 1066-1087, Type: Ruled | |
| Event-Misc | M2 | |
| Note | William I, byname WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR, or THE BASTARD, or WILLIAM OFNORMANDY, French GUILLAUME LE CONQUÉRANT, or LE BÂTARD, or GUILLAUME DENORMANDIE (b. c. 1028, Falaise, Normandy--d. Sept. 9, 1087, Rouen), dukeof Normandy (as William II) from 1035 and king of England from 1066, oneof the greatest soldiers and rulers of the Middle Ages. He made himselfthe mightiest feudal lord in France and then changed the course ofEngland's history by his conquest of that country. Early years William was the elder of two children of Robert I of Normandy and hisconcubine Herleva, or Arlette, the daughter of a burgher from the town ofFalaise. In 1035 Robert died when returning from a pilgrimage toJerusalem, and William, his only son, whom he had nominated as his heirbefore his departure, was accepted as duke by the Norman magnates and hisfeudal overlord, King Henry I of France. William and his friends had toovercome enormous obstacles. His illegitimacy (he was generally known asthe Bastard) was a handicap, and he had to survive the collapse of lawand order that accompanied his accession as a child. Three of William's guardians died violent deaths before he grew up, andhis tutor was murdered. His father's kin were of little help; most ofthem thought that they stood to gain by the boy's death. But his mothermanaged to protect William through the most dangerous period. These earlydifficulties probably contributed to his strength of purpose and hisdislike of lawlessness and misrule. Ruler of Normandy. By 1042, when William reached his 15th year, was knighted, and began toplay a personal part in the affairs of his duchy, the worst was over. Buthis attempts to recover rights lost during the anarchy and to bringdisobedient vassals and servants to heel inevitably led to trouble. From1046 until 1055 he dealt with a series of baronial rebellions, mostly ledby kinsmen. Occasionally he was in great danger and had to rely on Henryof France for help. In 1047 Henry and William defeated a coalition ofNorman rebels at Val-ès-Dunes, southeast of Caen. It was in these yearsthat William learned to fight and rule. William soon learned to control his youthful recklessness. He was alwaysready to take calculated risks on campaign and, most important, to fighta battle. But he was not a chivalrous or flamboyant commander. His planswere simple, his methods direct, and he exploited ruthlessly anyadvantage gained. If he found himself at a disadvantage, he withdrewimmediately. He showed the same qualities in his government. He never lost sight of his aim to recoverlost ducal rights and revenues, and, although he developed no theory ofgovernment or great interest in administrative techniques, he was alwaysprepared to improvise and experiment. He seems to have lived a moral lifeby the standards of the time, and he acquired an interest in the welfareof the Norman church. He made his half brother, Odo, bishop of Bayeux in1049 at the age of about 16, and Odo managed to combine the roles ofnobleman and prelate in a way that did not greatly shock contemporaries.But William also welcomed foreign monks and scholars to Normandy.Lanfranc of Pavia, a famous master of the liberal arts, who entered themonastery of Bec about 1042, was made abbot of Caen in 1063. According to a brief description of William's person by an anonymousauthor, who borrowed extensively from Einhard's Life of Charlemagne, hewas just above average height and had a robust, thick-set body. Though hewas always sparing of food and drink, he became fat in later life. He hada rough bass voice and was a good and ready speaker. Writers of the nextgeneration agree that he was exceptionally strong and vigorous. Williamwas an out-of-doors man, a hunter and soldier, fierce and despotic,generally feared; uneducated, he had few graces but was intelligent andshrewd and soon obtained the respect of his rivals. New alliances. After 1047 William began to take part in events outside his duchy. Insupport of his lord, King Henry, and in pursuit of an ambition tostrengthen his southern frontier and expand into Maine, he fought aseries of campaigns against Geoffrey Martel, count of Anjou. But in 1052Henry and Geoffrey made peace, there was a serious rebellion in easternNormandy, and, until 1054 William was again in serious danger. Duringthis period he conducted important negotiations with his cousin Edwardthe Confessor, king of England, and took a wife. Norman interest in Anglo-Saxon England derived from an alliance made in1002, when King Ethelred II of England married Emma, the sister of CountRichard II, William's grandfather. Two of her sons, William's cousinsonce removed, had reigned in turn in England, Hardecanute (1040-42) andEdward the Confessor (1042-66). William had met Edward during thatprince's exile on the Continent and may well have given him some supportwhen he returned to England in 1041. In that year Edward was about 36 andWilliam 14. It is clear that William expected some sort of reward fromEdward and, when Edward's marriage proved unfruitful, began to develop anambition to become his kinsman's heir. Edward probably at timesencouraged William's hopes. His childlessness was a diplomatic asset. In 1049 William negotiated with Baldwin V of Flanders for the hand of hisdaughter, Matilda. Baldwin, an imperial vassal with a distinguishedlineage, was in rebellion against the Western emperor, Henry III, and indesperate need of allies. The proposed marriage was condemned asincestuous (William and Matilda were evidently related in some way) bythe Emperor's friend, Pope Leo IX, at the Council of Reims in October1049; but so anxious were the parties for the alliance that before theend of 1053, possibly in 1052, the wedding took place. In 1059 Williamwas reconciled to the papacy, and as penance the disobedient pair builttwo monasteries at Caen. Four sons were born to William and Matilda:Robert (the future duke of Normandy), Richard (who died young), WilliamRufus (the Conqueror's successor in England), and Henry (Rufus'successor). Among the daughters was Adela, who was the mother ofStephen, king of England. Edward the Confessor was supporting the Emperor, and it is possible thatWilliam used his new alliance with Flanders to put pressure on Edward andextort an acknowledgment that he was the English king's heir. At allevents, Edward seems to have made some sort of promise to William in1051, while Tostig, son of the greatest nobleman in England, EarlGodwine, married Baldwin's half sister. The immediate purpose of thistripartite alliance was to improve the security of each of the parties.If William secured a declaration that he was Edward's heir, he was alsolooking very far ahead. Between 1054 and 1060 William held his own against an alliance betweenKing Henry I and Geoffrey Martel of Anjou. Both men died in 1060 and weresucceeded by weaker rulers. As a result, in 1063 William was able toconquer Maine. In 1064 or 1065 Edward sent his brother-in-law, Harold,earl of Wessex, Godwine's son and successor, on an embassy to Normandy.William took him on a campaign into Brittany, and in connection with thisHarold swore an oath in which, according to Norman writers, he renewedEdward's bequest of the throne to William and promised to support it. When Edward died childless on Jan. 5, 1066, Harold was accepted as kingby the English magnates, and William decided on war. Others, however,moved more quickly. In May Tostig, Harold's exiled brother, raidedEngland, and in September he joined the invasion forces of Harald IIIHardraade, king of Norway, off the Northumbrian coast. William assembleda fleet, recruited an army, and gathered his forces in August at themouth of the Dives River. It is likely that he originally intended tosail due north and invade England by way of the Isle of Wight andSouthampton Water. Such a plan would give him an offshore base andinterior lines. But adverse winds detained his fleet in harbour for amonth, and in September a westerly gale drove his ships up-Channel. The Battle of Hastings. William regrouped his forces at Saint-Valéry on the Somme. He hadsuffered a costly delay, some naval losses, and a drop in the morale ofhis troops. On September 27, after cold and rainy weather, the windbacked south. William embarked his army and set sail for the southeastcoast of England. The following morning he landed, took the unresistingtowns of Pevensey and Hastings, and began to organize a bridgehead withbetween 4,000 and 7,000 cavalry and infantry. William's forces were in a narrow coastal strip, hemmed in by the greatforest of Andred, and, although this corridor was easily defensible, itwas not much of a base for the conquest of England. The campaigningseason was almost past, and when William received news of his opponent itwas not reassuring. On September 25 Harold had defeated and slain Tostigand Harald Hardraade at Stamford Bridge, near York, and was retracing hissteps to meet the new invader. On October 13, when Harold emerged fromthe forest, William was taken by surprise. But the hour was too late forHarold to push on to Hastings, and he took up a defensive position. Earlythe next day William went out to give battle. He attacked the Englishphalanx with archers and cavalry but saw his army almost driven from thefield. He rallied the fugitives, however, and brought them back into thefight and in the end wore down his opponents. Harold's brothers werekilled early in the battle. Toward nightfall the King himself fell andthe English gave up. William's coolness and tenacity secured him victoryin this fateful battle, and he then moved against possible centres ofresistance so quickly that he prevented a new leader from emerging. OnChristmas Day 1066 he was crowned king in Westminster Abbey. In a formalsense the Norman Conquest of England had taken place. King of England William was already an experienced ruler. In Normandy he had replaceddisloyal nobles and ducal servants with his own friends, limited privatewarfare, and recovered usurped ducal rights, defining the feudal dutiesof his vassals. The Norman church flourished under his rule. He wanted achurch free of corruption but subordinate to him. He would not tolerateopposition from bishops and abbots or interference from the papacy. Hepresided over church synods and reinforced ecclesiastical discipline withhis own. In supporting Lanfranc, prior of Bec, against Berengar of Toursin their dispute over the doctrine of the Eucharist, he found himself onthe side of orthodoxy. He was never guilty of the selling of churchoffice (simony). He disapproved of clerical marriage. At the same time hewas a stern and sometimes rough master, swayed by political necessities,and he was not generous to the church with his own property. The reformerLanfranc was one of his advisers; but perhaps even more to his taste werethe worldly and soldierly bishops Odo of Bayeux and Geoffrey of Coutances. William left England early in 1067 but had to return in December becauseof English unrest. The English rebellions that began in 1067 reachedtheir peak in 1069 and were finally quelled in 1071. They completed theruin of the highest English aristocracy and gave William a distaste forhis newly conquered kingdom. Since his position on the Continent wasdeteriorating, he wanted to solve English problems as cheaply aspossible. To secure England's frontiers, he invaded Scotland in 1072 andWales in 1081 and created special defensive 'marcher' counties along theScottish and Welsh borders. In the last 15 years of his life he was more often in Normandy than inEngland, and there were five years, possibly seven, in which he did notvisit the kingdom at all. He retained most of the greatest Anglo-Normanbarons with him in Normandy and confided the government of England tobishops, trusting especially his old friend Lanfranc, whom he madearchbishop of Canterbury. Much concerned that the natives should not beunnecessarily disturbed, he allowed them to retain their own laws andcourts. William returned to England only when it was absolutely necessary: in1075 to deal with the aftermath of a rebellion by Roger, earl ofHereford, and Ralf, earl of Norfolk, which was made more dangerous by theintervention of a Danish fleet; and in 1082 to arrest and imprison hishalf brother Odo, bishop of Bayeux and earl of Kent, who was planning totake an army to Italy, perhaps to make himself pope. In the spring of1082 William had his son Henry knighted, and in August at Salisbury hetook oaths of fealty from all the important landowners in England,whosoever's vassals they might be. In 1085 he returned with a large armyto meet the threat of an invasion by Canute IV (Canute the Holy) ofDenmark. When this came to nothing owing to Canute's death in 1086,William ordered an economic and tenurial survey to be made of thekingdom, the results of which are summarized in the two volumes ofDomesday Book. William was preoccupied with the frontiers of Normandy. The danger spotswere in Maine and the Vexin on the Seine, where Normandy bordered on theFrench royal demesne. After 1066 William's continental neighbours becamemore powerful and even more hostile. In 1068 Fulk the Surly succeeded toAnjou and in 1071 Robert the Frisian to Flanders. Philip I of Franceallied with Robert and Robert with the Danish king, Canute IV. There wasalso the problem of William's heir apparent, Robert Curthose, who, givenno appanage and seemingly kept short of money, left Normandy in 1077 andintrigued with his father's enemies. In 1081 William made a compromisewith Fulk in the treaty of Blancheland: Robert Curthose was to be countof Maine but as a vassal of the count of Anjou. The eastern part of theVexin, the county of Mantes, had fallen completely into King Philip'shands in 1077 when William had been busy with Maine. In 1087 Williamdemanded from Philip the return of the towns of Chaumont, Mantes, andPontoise. In July he entered Mantes by surprise, but while the townburned he suffered some injury from which he never recovered. He wasthwarted at the very moment when he seemed about to enforce his lastoutstanding territorial claim. Death William was taken to a suburb of Rouen, where he lay dying for fiveweeks. He had the assistance of some of his bishops and doctors, and inattendance were his half brother Robert, count of Mortain, and hisyounger sons, William Rufus and Henry. Robert Curthose was with theKing of France. It had probably been his intention that Robert, as wasthe custom, should succeed to the whole inheritance. In the circumstanceshe was tempted to make the loyal Rufus his sole heir. In the end hecompromised: Normandy and Maine went to Robert and England to Rufus.Henry was given great treasure with which he could purchase an appanage.William died at daybreak on September 9, in his 60th year, and was buriedin rather unseemly fashion in St. Stephen's Church, which he had built atCaen. [Encyclopaedia Britannica CD, 1996, WILLIAM I]2 | |
| Burial* | St Stephen Abbey, Caen, Normandy5 | |
| Name-Var | William I 'the conqueror' of ENGLAND | |
| Name-Var | William I 'the conqueror' of ENGLAND | |
| Note* | The victory of William I, 'the Conqueror' (1066-1087), Duke of Normandy, at Hastings and his subsequent coronation in Westminster Abbey on Christmas Day 1066 did not give him complete control of England. Remaining resistance was, however, severely crushed and castles built to control the country (including a fortress at Windsor, and the White Tower at the Tower of London). The lands of defeated Saxon nobles were given to William's followers in return for military service by a certain number of knights, so that the tenants' foremost obligation was allegiance to the King. This firmly established the feudal system. In 1086, William commissioned the Domesday Book, to record land holdings for the assessment of taxes and other dues. William spent long periods in Normandy to maintain his authority there, dealing with rebellions and French invasions. William died in 1087 in Normandy, leaving his duchy to his eldest son, Robert, and England to his next surviving son, William Rufus. -British Monarchy, The Official Web Site, The http://www.royal.gov.uk/history/norman.htm#WILLIAMI Reigned 1066-1087. Duke of Normandy 1035-1087. His early adult years were filled with wars and rebellions, including a war with King Henry of France, and with his neighbors in Brittany, Maine and Anjou. In 1049, William married Matilda, daughter of Count Baldwin V of Flanders, forging an alliance between two of the most powerful northern territories. By 1060 William had a considerable reputation as a warrior, for he was generally successful in his wars. He was a tenacious opponent, brutal at times. Many of the wars were fought against great odds, increasing both his reputation and his confidence in the field. One result of these wars was a very large scale transfer of land, either in the form of conquered territory, or in confiscations from rebellious vassals. The duke gave these back out to those loyal to him, transforming his barons into an aristocracy that was loyal to him. During these years William was able to make himself the arbiter of disputes, the fount of favors, and the ultimate authority in the duchy. So the barons increasingly served rather than challenged him. Similarly, the duke ruled the Church. The nobles founded many monasteries and the archbishopric of Rouen was coterminous with the duchy. The powerful families controlled the ecclesiastical positions, and all served the duke. In 1051 Edward of England, who was childless designated William (now aged 23) as his heir. This was a move that surprised and dismayed a number of Saxon lords who felt that one of them was the more natural choice. But Edward felt that only the Normans, who had sheltered him in his exile, were his trusted friends. He invaded England defeated and killed his rival Harold at the Battle of Hastings and became King. The Norman conquest of England was completed by 1072 aided by the establishment of feaudalism under which his followers were granted land in return for pledges of service and loyalty. As King William was noted for his efficient if harsh rule. His administration relied upon Norman and other foreign personnel especially Lanfranc Archbishop of Canterbury. In 1085 started Domesday Book. For a for treatsy of the life of William, see: http://www.idbsu.edu/courses/hy101/willconq/00.htm http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0102/g0000030.htm#I822 | |
| Burial | St Stephen Abbey, Caen, Normandy6 | |
| Name-Var | William I 'the Conqueror,' (?) King of England2 | |
| Name-Var | King of England William I 'the Conqueror' ENGLAND6 | |
| Name-Var | William II 'The Bastard,' (?) Duke of Normandy2 | |
| GEDCOM | Maud, a concubine (?); _MST Other2 | |
| Birth* | 14 Oct 1024 | Falaise, Normandy, FRA3,7,8 |
| Birth* | 14 Oct 1024 | Falaise, Normandy, FRA |
| Birth | 14 Oct 1024 | Falaise, Normandy, FRA |
| Birth | 14 Oct 1024 | Falaise, Calvados, Normandy, France2 |
| Birth | bt 1027 - 1028 | 9,2 |
| Marriage* | c 1053 | Eu, Seine-Inferieure, France10 |
| Marriage | c 1053 | Maud de Flandre; Eu, Seine-Inferieure, France9,2 |
| Marriage | 1053 | Maud de Flandre6 |
| Christning | 1066 | Norman Conquest, As An Adult; |
| Event-Misc | bt 1066 - 1087 | King of England, Type: Reigned9,2 |
| Event-Misc | 25 Dec 1066 | Westminster Abbey, London, Middlesex, England, Type: Crowned11,2 |
| Death* | 09 Sep 1087 | Hermentrube, Near Rouen, France |
| Death | 09 Sep 1087 | Hermentrube, Near Rouen, France |
| Death* | 09 Sep 1087 | Hermentrube, Near Rouen, France3,12 |
| Death | 09 Sep 1087 | Hermenbraville, Rouen, Seine-Inférieure, France9,2 |
| BaptismLDS | 31 Jul 1877 | |
| Endowment | 07 Feb 1884 | |
| SealSpouse | 10 May 1928 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 6 Apr 2003 | |
| CoParent | Maud, a concubine (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | c 1045 | William Peverel+2 |
| CoParent | Maud de Flandre | |
| Son-Bio* | 1054 | Duke of Normandy Robert 'Curthose' (?)6 |
| Son-Bio* | c 1055 | Richard (?)6 |
| Son-Bio* | bt 1056 - 1060 | King of England William 'Rufus' (?) II6 |
| Dau-Bio | c 1062 | Adela (?)+2 |
| Dau-Bio* | c 1062 | Adela (?)+6 |
| Dau-Bio* | c 1066 | Constance (?)6 |
| Son-Bio | c Sep 1068 | King of England Henry 'Beauclerc' (?) I+ |
| Son-Bio* | c Sep 1068 | King of England Henry 'Beauclerc' (?) I+2 |
| ||
Fulbert de FALAISE1 (M) b. c 0980, d. 1017 | ||
| GEDCOM* | tannor or farrier, _FA11 | |
| Birth* | c 0980 | 1 |
| Death* | 1017 | Normandie, FRA1 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 7 Mar 2001 | |
| CoParent | Doda (?) | |
| Dau-Bio* | c 1003 | Herlette de FALAISE+ |
| ||
Doda (?)1,2 (F) b. c 0974 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | c 0645 | (?) Carloman |
| Birth* | c 0974 | 2 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 11 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Fulbert de FALAISE | |
| Dau-Bio* | c 1003 | Herlette de FALAISE+ |
| ||
(?) Carloman1 (M) b. c 0645 | ||
| Birth* | c 0645 | 1 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 7 Mar 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Dau-Bio* | c 0974 | Doda (?)+ |
| ||
Fourth Duc de Normandie Richard 'the Good' de Normandie II1 (M) b. 0958, d. 28 Aug 1026 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | 28 Aug 0933 | Richard I 'the fearless' de Normandie Comte de Normandie |
| Mother-Bio* | Gunnora de Crepon | |
| Mother-Bio | 0936 | Gunnor de Crêpon |
| Name-Var | Richard II 'the Good,' (?) 4th Duke of Normandy2 | |
| Event-Misc | M2 | |
| Name-Var | Richard II le Bon Duke of Normandy | |
| Birth* | 0958 | of Normandy, France |
| Birth | c 0962 | Normandy, France2 |
| Marriage | 0996 | Judith de RENNES; Fécamp, Seine-Inferieure, Normandy, France3,2 |
| Marriage* | bt Feb 1016 - 1017 | |
| Death* | 28 Aug 1026 | Fecamp, Normandy, FRA1 |
| Death | 28 Aug 1027 | Fécamp, Seine-Inferieure, Normandy, France4,2 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 9 Apr 2003 | |
| CoParent | Judith de RENNES | |
| Dau-Bio* | Alice de Franche-Comte+ | |
| Son-Bio* | Richard III de NORMANDIE+ | |
| Son-Bio* | William Ponce d'ARQUES | |
| Son-Bio* | c 0999 | Sixth Duc de Normandie Robert 'the Magnificient' de Normandie I+ |
| ||
Judith de RENNES1 (F) b. c 0982, d. 16 Jun 1017 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | c 0944 | Conan I 'the crooked' de Bretagne Count de Rennes |
| Mother-Bio* | 0962 | Ermengarde d'ANJOU |
| Father-Bio | c 0944 | Conan I 'the crooked' de Bretagne Count de Rennes2 |
| Name-Var | Judith of Rennes (?)2 | |
| Name-Var | Judith of Brittany (?)2 | |
| Event-Misc* | F2 | |
| Birth | 0974 | Bretagne, France3,2 |
| Birth* | c 0982 | Rennes, Bretagne, FRA1 |
| Birth | 0982 | Bretagne, France4,2 |
| Marriage | 0996 | Fourth Duc de Normandie Richard 'the Good' de Normandie II; Fécamp, Seine-Inferieure, Normandy, France5,2 |
| Death* | 16 Jun 1017 | Normandie, FRA1 |
| Death | 16 Jun 1017 | 4,2 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 7 Mar 2001 | |
| CoParent | Fourth Duc de Normandie Richard 'the Good' de Normandie II | |
| Dau-Bio | Alice de Franche-Comte+2 | |
| Dau-Bio* | Alice de Franche-Comte+ | |
| Son-Bio | Richard III de NORMANDIE+2 | |
| Son-Bio* | Richard III de NORMANDIE+ | |
| Son-Bio* | William Ponce d'ARQUES | |
| Son-Bio* | c 0999 | Sixth Duc de Normandie Robert 'the Magnificient' de Normandie I+ |
| Son-Bio | c 0999 | Sixth Duc de Normandie Robert 'the Magnificient' de Normandie I+2 |
| ||
Alice de Franche-Comte1,2 (F) d. a 27 Jul 1037 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | 0958 | Fourth Duc de Normandie Richard 'the Good' de Normandie II |
| Mother-Bio* | c 0982 | Judith de RENNES |
| Mother-Bio | c 0982 | Judith de RENNES3 |
| Name-Var | Judith of Normandy (?)3 | |
| Event-Misc | F3 | |
| Name-Var | Adelaide of Normandy (?)3 | |
| Birth | c 1003 | Normandy, France4,3 |
| Birth | c 1011 | Normandy, France3 |
| Marriage* | b 1016 | Raynaud I de Bourgogne Count de Bourgogne5 |
| Marriage | b 01 Sep 1016 | Raynaud I de Bourgogne Count de Bourgogne6,4,3 |
| Death | c 1037 | 3 |
| Death | a 01 Jul 1037 | 4,3 |
| Death* | a 27 Jul 1037 | 5 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Raynaud I de Bourgogne Count de Bourgogne | |
| Dau-Bio* | Sibylla de FRANCHE-COMTE | |
| Son-Bio | c 1024 | Guillaume I 'the great' de Bourgogne Comte de Bourgogne et Macon+3 |
| Son-Bio* | c 1024 | Guillaume I 'the great' de Bourgogne Comte de Bourgogne et Macon+ |
| ||
Richard III de NORMANDIE1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | 0958 | Fourth Duc de Normandie Richard 'the Good' de Normandie II |
| Mother-Bio* | c 0982 | Judith de RENNES |
| Mother-Bio | c 0982 | Judith de RENNES2 |
| Note | Richard III (d. Feb. 3, 1027), duke of Normandy (1026-27, or 1027),son of Richard II the Good. He was succeeding in quelling the revolt ofhis brother, Robert, when he died opportunely, perhaps of poison, makingway for his brother's succession as Robert I. [Encyclopaedia BritannicaCD, 1996, RICHARD III]2 | |
| Name-Var | Richard III, (?) 5th Duke of Normandy2 | |
| Name-Var | Richard le Goz2 | |
| Event-Misc | M2 | |
| Birth | c 0997 | Normandy, France2 |
| Marriage | bt Jan 1026 - 1027 | Adele de FRANCE3,2 |
| Death | bt 03 Feb 1026 - 1027 | 4,2 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 7 Mar 2001 | |
| CoParent | Third Concubine (?) | |
| Dau-Bio* | c 1021 | Alix de Normandy+2 |
| ||
William Ponce d'ARQUES1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | 0958 | Fourth Duc de Normandie Richard 'the Good' de Normandie II |
| Mother-Bio* | c 0982 | Judith de RENNES |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 7 Mar 2001 | |
| ||
Conan I 'the crooked' de Bretagne Count de Rennes1 (M) b. c 0944, d. 27 Jun 0992 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | b 0931 | Judicael Berenger Count de Rennes |
| Mother-Bio* | Gerberga (?) | |
| Father-Bio | b 0931 | Judicael Berenger Count de Rennes2 |
| Mother-Bio | c 0914 | Gerberge (?)2 |
| Event-Misc | Duke of Brittany, Type: Titled3,2 | |
| Event-Misc | Count of Rennes, Type: Titled3,2 | |
| Name-Var | Conan I 'le Tort,' Count of Rennes (?)2 | |
| Name-Var | Conan I 'le Tort,' (?) Duke of Brittany2 | |
| Event-Misc* | M2 | |
| Birth* | c 0944 | Bretagne, France2 |
| Marriage* | 0973 | Ermengarde d'ANJOU4 |
| Marriage | 0980 | Ermengarde d'ANJOU5,2 |
| Death* | 27 Jun 0992 | Conquereuil, FRA1 |
| Death | 27 Jun 0992 | Conquereuil2 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Adelaide (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | Geffroi de Bretagne I | |
| CoParent | Ermengarde d'ANJOU | |
| Son-Bio* | c 0980 | Geoffrey, (?) Duke of Brittany+2 |
| Dau-Bio | c 0982 | Judith de RENNES+2 |
| Dau-Bio* | c 0982 | Judith de RENNES+ |
| ||
Ermengarde d'ANJOU1 (F) b. 0962 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | 0938 | Geoffroi I 'grisegonnelle' d'ANJOU |
| Mother-Bio* | Adelais I de Chalons Cte. de Chalons | |
| Father-Bio | 11 Nov 0938 | Geoffrey I Grisegonelle Ct de Anjou |
| Mother-Bio | 0934 | Adelais de Chalon de Vermandois |
| Name-Var | Ermengarde of Anjou (?)2 | |
| Event-Misc | F2 | |
| Name-Var | Ermengard-Gerberge de Anjou | |
| Birth* | 0962 | |
| Marriage* | 0973 | Conan I 'the crooked' de Bretagne Count de Rennes1 |
| Marriage | 0980 | Conan I 'the crooked' de Bretagne Count de Rennes3,2 |
| Marriage* | a 0992 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 9 Apr 2003 | |
| CoParent | Conan I 'the crooked' de Bretagne Count de Rennes | |
| Son-Bio* | c 0980 | Geoffrey, (?) Duke of Brittany+2 |
| Dau-Bio* | c 0982 | Judith de RENNES+ |
| ||
Geoffroi I 'grisegonnelle' d'ANJOU1 (M) b. 0938, d. 0987 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | c 0920 | Foulques II 'the good' d'Anjou Count d'Anjou |
| Mother-Bio* | 0913 | Gerberga du MAINE |
| Father-Bio | c 0920 | Foulques II 'the good' d'Anjou Count d'Anjou2 |
| Mother-Bio | 0913 | Gerberga du MAINE2 |
| Event-Misc | M2 | |
| Name-Var | Geoffrey I 'Grisegonelle,' Count of Anjou (?)2 | |
| Name-Var | Geoffrey I 'Grisegonelle,' Seneschal of France (?)2 | |
| Birth* | 0938 | 1 |
| Birth | c 0940 | Anjou, France3,2 |
| Marriage | c 0978 | Adelais I de Chalons Cte. de Chalons2 |
| Death* | 0987 | 1 |
| Death | 21 Jul 0987 | 3,2 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 7 Mar 2001 | |
| CoParent | Adelais I de Chalons Cte. de Chalons | |
| Dau-Bio* | Gerberge d'ANJOU+ | |
| Dau-Bio* | Adelaide d'A NJOU | |
| Dau-Bio* | 0962 | Ermengarde d'ANJOU+ |
| Son-Bio | 0970 | Foulques III 'the black' d'Anjou Comte d'Anjou+2 |
| Son-Bio* | 0970 | Foulques III 'the black' d'Anjou Comte d'Anjou+ |
| ||
Adelais I de Chalons Cte. de Chalons1 (F) d. 0976 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | 0884 | Herbert II de VERMANDOIS |
| Mother-Bio* | c 0895 | Hildebrande de France |
| Father-Bio | 0884 | Herbert II de VERMANDOIS |
| Father-Bio | 0884 | Herbert II de VERMANDOIS2 |
| Father-Bio | 0884 | Herbert II de VERMANDOIS |
| Father-Bio | 0920 | Robert de Vermandois , Count of Troyes2 |
| Mother-Bio | c 0895 | Hildebrande de France2 |
| Mother-Bio | c 0895 | Hildebrande de France |
| Mother-Bio | c 0895 | Hildebrande de France |
| Mother-Bio | c 0920 | Wera of Chalons (?)2 |
| Death | BET. 16 MAR 974 75 31 DEC 9 | 3,2 |
| Event-Misc | Adelaide of Donzy, Type: AKA (Facts Pg) 2 | |
| Event-Misc | F2 | |
| Name-Var | Adele [Alice] de VERMANDOIS4 | |
| Name-Var | Adela\Adelaide\Aelis of Troyes (?)2 | |
| Name-Var | Adelaide de Vermandois2 | |
| Name-Var | Ade [Alice] de VERMANDOIS | |
| Note* | Some sources show her parents as Robert, Comte de Troyes, by Adelaide de Bourgogne, her first marriage. http://www.charweb.org/gen/rjones/d0041/g0000079.htm#I256 | |
| Birth | c 0915 | |
| Birth | bt 0930 - 0935 | 2 |
| Marriage | bt 0945 - 0950 | Lambert, (?) Count of Chalons5,2 |
| Death | 0960 | |
| Death* | 0976 | 1 |
| Death | bt 12 Mar 0976 - 0977 | 2 |
| Marriage | c 0978 | Geoffroi I 'grisegonnelle' d'ANJOU2 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 11 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Arnoul I 'the old' de FLANDRE | |
| Son-Bio* | c 0940 | Baudouin III de FLANDRE+ |
| CoParent | Geoffroi I 'grisegonnelle' d'ANJOU | |
| Dau-Bio* | Gerberge d'ANJOU+ | |
| Dau-Bio | Gerberge d'ANJOU+2 | |
| Dau-Bio* | Adelaide d'A NJOU | |
| Dau-Bio* | 0962 | Ermengarde d'ANJOU+ |
| Son-Bio | 0970 | Foulques III 'the black' d'Anjou Comte d'Anjou+2 |
| Son-Bio* | 0970 | Foulques III 'the black' d'Anjou Comte d'Anjou+ |
| ||
Foulques II 'the good' d'Anjou Count d'Anjou1 (M) b. c 0920, d. 11 Nov 0958 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | 0870 | Foulques I 'le roux' d'Anjou Comte d'Anjou |
| Mother-Bio* | ||