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| Tiridates III, King of Armenia (?)1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | 0194 | Tiridates II, King of Armenia (?)1 |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Dau-Bio* | c 0295 | NN (?)+1 |
| ||
Tiridates II, King of Armenia (?)1 (M) b. 0194, d. c 0253 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | 0165 | Khosrow I the Brave, Arsacid King of Armenia (?)1 |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Birth* | 0194 | 2,1 |
| Event-Misc | bt 0217 - 0238 | King of Armenia, Type: Reigned2,1 |
| Death* | c 0253 | 2,1 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Son-Bio* | Tiridates III, King of Armenia (?)+1 | |
| Son-Bio* | c 0236 | Khosrow II the Valiant, King of Western Armenia (?)+1 |
Khosrow III 'Kotak,' King of Armenia (?)1 (M) b. 0280, d. 0338 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | c 0280 | Tiridates IV the Great, King of Armenia (?)1 |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Name-Var | Chosroes III, King of Armenia (?)1 | |
| Birth* | 0280 | 2,1 |
| Event-Misc | bt 0330 - 0338 | Type: Reigned2,1 |
| Death* | 0338 | 2,1 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Dau-Bio* | 0315 | Bambishu (?)+1 |
Tiridates IV the Great, King of Armenia (?)1 (M) b. c 0280, d. 0330 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | c 0236 | Khosrow II the Valiant, King of Western Armenia (?)1 |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Birth* | c 0280 | 2,1 |
| Event-Misc | bt 0298 - 0330 | Type: Reigned2,1 |
| Death* | 0330 | [assassinated]2,1 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Son-Bio* | 0280 | Khosrow III 'Kotak,' King of Armenia (?)+1 |
Khosrow II the Valiant, King of Western Armenia (?)1 (M) b. c 0236, d. 0287 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | 0194 | Tiridates II, King of Armenia (?)1 |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Name-Var | Chosroes II, King of Western Armenia (?)1 | |
| Birth* | c 0236 | 2,1 |
| Event-Misc | bt 0280 - 0287 | King of Western Armenia, Type: Reigned2,1 |
| Death* | 0287 | 2,1 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Son-Bio* | c 0280 | Tiridates IV the Great, King of Armenia (?)+1 |
Khosrow I the Brave, Arsacid King of Armenia (?)1 (M) b. 0165, d. bt 0216 - 0217 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | 0130 | Vologaeses V (IV), Arsacid King of Parthia (?)1 |
| Mother-Bio* | NN, Princess of Iberia (Georgia) (?)1 | |
| Name-Var | Chosroes I the Brave, King of Armenia (?)1 | |
| Birth* | 0165 | 2,1 |
| Event-Misc* | bt 0191 - 0206 | King of Armenia, Type: Reigned2,1 |
| Death* | bt 0216 - 0217 | 2,1 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Son-Bio* | 0194 | Tiridates II, King of Armenia (?)+1 |
Pharasmenes III, King of Iberia (Georgia) (?)1 (M) b. b 0135, d. 0185 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | b 0132 | Rhadamiste II, King of Iberia (Georgia) (?)1 |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Birth* | b 0135 | 1 |
| Event-Misc | bt 0135 - 0185 | King of Iberia, Type: Reigned2,1 |
| Death* | 0185 | 1 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Dau-Bio* | NN, Princess of Iberia (Georgia) (?)+1 | |
Rhadamiste II, King of Iberia (Georgia) (?)1 (M) b. b 0132, d. 0135 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | b 0116 | Pharasmenes II, King of Iberia (Georgia) (?)1 |
| Mother-Bio* | c 0114 | Ghadama (?)1 |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Birth* | b 0132 | 1 |
| Event-Misc | bt 0132 - 0135 | King of Iberia, Type: Reigned2,1 |
| Death* | 0135 | 1 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Son-Bio* | b 0135 | Pharasmenes III, King of Iberia (Georgia) (?)+1 |
Pharasmenes II, King of Iberia (Georgia) (?)1 (M) b. b 0116, d. 0132 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | b 0106 | Amazaspus I, King of Iberia (Georgia) (?)1 |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Birth* | b 0116 | 1 |
| Event-Misc | bt 0116 - 0132 | King of Iberia, Type: Reigned2,1 |
| Death* | 0132 | 1 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Ghadama (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | b 0132 | Rhadamiste II, King of Iberia (Georgia) (?)+1 |
Ghadama (?)1 (F) b. c 0114 | ||
| Event-Misc | X, Type: Progenitor1 | |
| Event-Misc* | F1 | |
| Birth* | c 0114 | 1 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Pharasmenes II, King of Iberia (Georgia) (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | b 0132 | Rhadamiste II, King of Iberia (Georgia) (?)+1 |
| ||
Amazaspus I, King of Iberia (Georgia) (?)1 (M) b. b 0106, d. c 0115 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Mithradates I, King of Iberia (Georgia) (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Birth* | b 0106 | 1 |
| Event-Misc | bt 0106 - 0115 | King of Iberia, Type: Reigned2,1 |
| Death* | c 0115 | 1 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Son-Bio* | b 0116 | Pharasmenes II, King of Iberia (Georgia) (?)+1 |
Mithradates I, King of Iberia (Georgia) (?)1 (M) d. 0107 Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Pharasmenes I, King of Iberia (Georgia) (?)1 | |
| Mother-Bio* | Daughter of Mithradates I of Armenia (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Event-Misc | 58 - 107, King of Iberia, Type: Reigned2,1 | |
| Birth* | bef 581 | |
| Death* | 0107 | 1 |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Son-Bio* | b 0106 | Amazaspus I, King of Iberia (Georgia) (?)+1 |
Pharasmenes I, King of Iberia (Georgia) (?)1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | K'art'am, Prince of Kaudjide (?)1 | |
| Mother-Bio* | NN, Princess of Iberia (Georgia) (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc | 1 - 58 AD, King of Iberia, Type: Reigned2,1 | |
| Note* | Pharasmenes I, King of Iberia, and his brother, Mithradates I, King ofArmenia, swapped daughters as wives! [Royalty for Commoners, 3rd ed.,Roderick W. Stuart, Genealogical publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, 1998]1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Birth* | bef. 1 AD1 | |
| Death* | c. 58 AD1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Daughter of Mithradates I of Armenia (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | Mithradates I, King of Iberia (Georgia) (?)+1 | |
Mithradates I, King of Armenia (?)1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | K'art'am, Prince of Kaudjide (?)1 | |
| Mother-Bio* | NN, Princess of Iberia (Georgia) (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc | 24 - 37 AD, King of Armenia, Type: Reigned2,1 | |
| Note* | Mithradates I, King of Armenia, and his brother, Pharasmenes I, King ofIberia, swapped daughters as wives! [Royalty for Commoners, 3rd ed.,Roderick W. Stuart, Genealogical publishing Co., Baltimore, MD, 1998]1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Birth* | bef. 24 AD1 | |
| Death* | c. 37 AD1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Dau-Bio* | Daughter of Mithradates I of Armenia (?)+1 | |
Daughter of Mithradates I of Armenia (?)1 (F) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Mithradates I, King of Armenia (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc* | F1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Pharasmenes I, King of Iberia (Georgia) (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | Mithradates I, King of Iberia (Georgia) (?)+1 | |
| ||
NN, Prince of Parthia (?)1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Arsaces I, King of Parthia (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Son-Bio* | Priapatius, Arsacid King of Parthia (?)+1 | |
| ||
Priapatius, Arsacid King of Parthia (?)1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | NN, Prince of Parthia (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc | c. 190 - 175 BC, Arsacid King of Parthia, Type: Reigned2,1 | |
| Note* | Precise information is not available concerning the reign of Priapatius(c. 191-176 BC), who succeeded Artabanus and whose name appears indocuments found in excavations at Nisa. Under his son Phraates I (c.176-171 BC), the young Parthian kingdom seems to have recuperatedsufficiently to have taken up once again its expansionist activities.[Encyclopędia Britannica CD '97, IRAN, HISTORY]1 | |
| Death* | 175 BC1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Son-Bio* | Mithradates I, Arsacid King of Parthia (?)+1 | |
Mithradates I, Arsacid King of Parthia (?)1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Priapatius, Arsacid King of Parthia (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc | 171 - 138 BC, Arsacid King of Parthia, Type: Reigned2,1 | |
| Event-Misc | c. 170 - 138 BC, Arsacid King of Parthia, Type: Reigned3,1 | |
| Name-Var | Arsaces VI, Arsacid King of Parthia (?)1 | |
| Note* | Mithradates I, also called ARSACES VI (fl. 2nd century BC), king ofParthia (reigned 171-138 BC); he succeeded his brother Phraates I. Before 160 Mithradates I seized Media from the Seleucid ruler Timarchus.Turning to the east, he won two provinces, Tapuria and Traxiana, from theBactrian king Eucratides. Mithradates then captured the province ofElymais (ancient Elam) and invaded Babylonia (142 or 141). The Seleucidking Demetrius II Nicator recaptured Babylon (141 or 140) but wasdefeated and held by Mithradates in honourable captivity. Generally,Mithradates was regarded as a mild ruler, and his epithet Philhellene('Greek-loving') indicates that he tried to conciliate his Greeksubjects. [Encyclopędia Britannica CD '97, MITHRADATES I]1 | |
| Death* | 138 BC1 | |
| Birth* | bef. 171 BC1 | |
| Event-Misc | 2nd century BC, Type: Flourished2,1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Son-Bio* | Sanatruces I, Arsacid King of Parthia (?)+1 | |
Arsaces I, King of Parthia (?)1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Phriapites, Chief of the Parni (?)1 | |
| Note* | Arsaces, chief of the Parni, one of the nomadic Scythian or Dahan tribesin the desert east of the Caspian sea. A later tradition, preserved byArrian, derives Arsaces I and Tiridates from the Achaemenian kingArtaxerxes II, but this had evidently no historical value. Arsaces,seeking refuge before the Bactrian king Diodotes, invaded Parthia, then aprovince of the Seleucid empire, about 250 B.C. After two years(according to Arrian), he was killed, and his brother Tiridates succeededhim and maintained himself for a short time in Parthia during thedissolution of the Seleucid empire by the attacks of Ptolemy III; he wasdefeated and expelled by Seleucus II (c. 238). But when the king wasforced, by the rebellion of his brother Antiochus Hierax, to return tothe west, Tiridates went back and defeated the Macedonians. He was thereal founder of the Parthian empire, which was of very limited extentuntil the final decay of the Seleucid empire, occasioned by the Romanintrigues after the death of Antiochus IV Epiphanes (165 B.C.), enabledMithradates I and his successors to conquer Media and Babylonia.Tiridates adopted the name of his brother, Arsaces, and after him all theother Parthian kings (who by historians are generally called by theirproper names), numbering about 30, officially bear only the nameArsaces. [Encyclopędia Britannica, 1961 ed., Vol. 2, p. 434, ARSACES] ---------- Arsaces, Iranian name borne by the Parthian royal house as beingdescended from Arsaces, son of Phriapites (date unknown), a chief of theseminomadic Parni tribe from the Caspian steppes. The first of his lineto gain power in Parthia was Arsaces I, who reigned from about 250 toabout 211 BC. (Some authorities believe that a brother, Tiridates I,succeeded Arsaces about 248 and ruled until 211; other authoritiesconsider Arsaces I and Tiridates I to be the same person.) All Parthian kings after Arsaces I used Arsaces as their throne name;and, with the rare exceptions of usurpers and contestants for the throne,all are so designated on their coins and in official documents. Byhistorians they are generally called by their personal names. The Arsaciddynasty maintained itself, although not in unbroken succession, until itsoverthrow by Ardashir in AD 224. During the time of the Parthian empirethe Arsacids claimed descent from Artaxerxes II, probably to legitimatetheir rule over Achaemenid territories. From the Sasanian chronicles theyenter Persian epic poetry under the name Ashkanian (individual rulers asAshak, Ashkan). The name Arsaces was also borne by several kings of Armenia who were ofParthian royal blood. [Encyclopędia Britannica CD '97, ARSACES] ---------- NOTE: Roderick W. Stuart, Royalty for Commoners, 3rd ed., 1998, p. 209,Line 417, gen. 75, refers to him as Tiridates, Prince of Parthia, 247-210BC.1 | |
| Name-Var | Tiridates I, King of Parthia (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc | 248 - c. 211 BC, King of Parthia, Type: Reigned2,1 | |
| Birth* | 285 BC3,1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Son-Bio* | NN, Prince of Parthia (?)+1 | |
Phriapites, Chief of the Parni (?)1,2 (M) | ||
| Event-Misc | X, Type: Progenitor2 | |
| Event-Misc* | M2 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Son-Bio* | Arsaces I, King of Parthia (?)+2 | |
Mandane of Media (?)1 (F) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Astyages, King of Media (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc* | F1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Cambyses I, Ruler of Anshan (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | Cyrus II the Great, Achaemenid King of Persia (?)+1 | |
| ||
Astyages, King of Media (?)1 (M) | ||
| Event-Misc | 585 - 550 BC, King of Media, Type: Reigned2,1 | |
| Event-Misc | 6th century BC, Type: Flourished2,1 | |
| Name-Var | Istumegu, King of Media (?)1 | |
| Note* | Astyages, Akkadian ISHTUMEGU (fl. 6th century BC), the last king of theMedian empire (reigned 585-550 BC). According to Herodotus, theAchaemenian Cyrus the Great was Astyages' grandson through his daughterMandane, but this relationship is probably legendary. According toBabylonian inscriptions, Cyrus, king of Anshan (in southwestern Iran),began war against Astyages in 553 BC; in 550 the Median troops rebelled,and Astyages was taken prisoner. Then Cyrus occupied and plunderedEcbatana, the Median capital. A somewhat different account of theseevents is given by the Greek writer Ctesias. [Encyclopędia Britannica CD'97, ASTYAGES]1 | |
| Death* | c. 550 BC1 | |
| Birth* | bef. 585 BC1 | |
| Event-Misc | X, Type: Progenitor1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Dau-Bio* | Mandane of Media (?)+1 | |
Neithiyti (?)1,2 (F) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Wahibre, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)2 | |
| Marriage* | Cyrus II the Great, Achaemenid King of Persia (?); 546/545 BC1,2 | |
| Event-Misc | 26th (Saite), Type: Dynasty2 | |
| Birth* | c. 570 BC1,2 | |
| Event-Misc* | F2 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Cyrus II the Great, Achaemenid King of Persia (?) | |
| Dau-Bio* | Atossa, Achaemenid Princess of Persia (?)+2 | |
Wahibre, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Psammetichus II, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 | |
| Mother-Bio* | Tak-huat, Princess of Athribis (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc | Wah-ib-re, Type: Birth name2,1 | |
| Event-Misc | 26th (Saite), Type: Dynasty3,1 | |
| Name-Var | Apries, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 | |
| Note* | Apries, also spelled OUAPHRIS, Egyptian HAAIBRA WAHIBRA, Hebrew HOPHRA(d. 567 BC), fourth king (reigned 589-570 BC) of the 26th dynasty ofEgypt; he succeeded his father, Psamtik II. Apries failed to help his ally King Zedekiah of Judah against Babylon,but after the fall of Jerusalem he received many Jewish refugees intoEgypt. Later he took the Phoenician port of Sidon, but, because of hissubsequent failure in an attack on Cyrene in Libya, the Egyptian armymutinied and elected their general Ahmose as king instead (570). Aprieswas imprisoned but escaped; he later was murdered, perhaps by Egyptians.[Encyclopędia Britannica CD '97, APRIES] ---------- Wahibre, better known as Apries, succeeded his father in February 589 andcontinued his policy of intervention in Palestinian affairs. His reign,however, was fraught with military problems at home as well as abroad. Amutiny by the strategically important Aswan garrison was contained, butwhen Apries' army -- sent to aid Libya against Dorian Greek invaders --was heavily mauled by the aggressors, civil war broke out upon thesurvivors' return, pitching the indigenous Egyptian army against foreignmercenaries. As was to happen so often under the Roman empire, the armyturned to a victorious general, in this case a veteran of the Nubiancampaigns, Amasis (Ahmose II), and when the two sides met in 570 Aprieswas killed. The victor nevertheless observed the proper rituals and hadthe body of Apries buried at Sais, probably the royal cemetery for the26th Dynasty. [Chronicle of the Pharaohs, Peter A. Clayton, Thames andHudson, Ltd., London, 1994]1 | |
| Event-Misc | Haa-ib-re, Type: Throne Name2,1 | |
| Death | 568 BC [murdered]4,1 | |
| Death* | 567 BC5,1 | |
| Event-Misc | 589 - 570 BC, Pharaoh of Egypt, Type: Reigned5,1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Dau-Bio* | Neithiyti (?)+1 | |
| ||
Psammetichus II, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Necho II, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 | |
| Mother-Bio* | Chedebnitjerbone I (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc | Psamtik, Type: Birth name2,1 | |
| Event-Misc | 26th (Saite), Type: Dynasty3,1 | |
| Name-Var | Psamtik II, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 | |
| Note* | There is little material evidence of Psammetichus II (Psamtik II), whoreigned for only six years. He was involved with a foray into Nubia in592, marching as far south as the Third Cataract. A famous graffitoscratched in Greek on the left leg of the colossal seated statue ofRamesses II, on the south side of the entrance to the temple of AbuSimbel, record that 'When King Psammetichus came to Elephantine, this waswritten by those who sailed with Psammetichus the son of Theocles, andthey came beyond Kerkis as far as the river permits. Those who spokeforeign tongues [i.e., Greeks and Carians who also scratched their nameson the monument] were led by Potasimto, the Egyptians by Amasis.' Thesetwo last-named leaders were high military commanders who are known fromother sources in the reign. An unexplained outcome of the expedition wasthe deliberate slighting of monuments of the 25th Dynasty Kushite kingsand also of Psammetichus II's father, Necho. An excursion -- it was hardly a campaign -- in the following year, 591,into southern Palestine in support of Zedekiah, the Babylonian puppetking of Jerusalem, encouraged a Judaean revolt against Babylonian rulefor which Jerusalem paid a heavy price -- culminating in a two-year siegeby Nebuchadnezzar II. The city fell in 587. This was during the periodof the Biblical 37-year Babylonian Exile. [Chronicle of the Pharaohs,Peter A. Clayton, Thames and Hudson Ltd., London, 1994]1 | |
| Event-Misc | Nefer-ib-re, Type: Throne Name2,1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Death* | 589 BC1 | |
| Event-Misc | 595 - 585 BC, Pharaoh of Egypt, Type: Reigned4,1 | |
| Event-Misc | 595 - 589 BC, Pharaoh of Egypt, Type: Reigned3,1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Tak-huat, Princess of Athribis (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | Wahibre, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)+1 | |
Tak-huat, Princess of Athribis (?)1 (F) | ||
| Event-Misc* | F1 | |
| Event-Misc | X, Type: Progenitor1 | |
| Birth* | 625 BC2,1 | |
| Death* | c. 589 BC2,1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Psammetichus II, Pharaoh of Egypt (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | Wahibre, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)+1 | |
Necho II, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Psammetichus I, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 | |
| Mother-Bio* | Mehetenweskhet (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc | 26th (Saite), Type: Dynasty2,1 | |
| Event-Misc | Wah-em-ib-re, Type: Throne Name3,1 | |
| Note* | Necho II (fl. 6th-7th century BC), king of Egypt (reigned 610-595 BC),and a member of the 26th dynasty, who unsuccessfully attempted to aidAssyria against the Neo-Babylonians and later sponsored an expeditionthat circumnavigated Africa. According to the Greek historian Herodotus, Necho began the constructionof a canal from the Nile River to the Red Sea, probably in response tothe growth of trade in the Egyptian Delta, but an oracle persuaded him todiscontinue the project. A threat developed in Mesopotamia, where theAssyrian Empire was falling to the Babylonians. Necho ordered fleets tobe built on the Mediterranean and Red seas, and with them he undertook aSyrian campaign in 608 BC to assist the battered Assyrian armies. WhenJosiah, king of Judah and an ally of the Neo-Babylonians, was slain inbattle at Megiddo, Necho replaced Josiah's chosen successor with his ownnominee and imposed tribute on Judah. In 606 the Egyptians routed theNeo-Babylonians, but at the great Battle of Carchemish (a Syrian city onthe middle Euphrates River) in 605 the Neo-Babylonian crown prince,Nebuchadrezzar, soundly defeated Necho's troops and forced theirwithdrawal from Syria and Palestine. Egypt itself was threatened in 601,but Necho repelled the enemy and continued to promote anti-Babyloniancoalitions in Syria and Palestine. Herodotus also reports that Necho sent an expedition to circumnavigateAfrica. His navigators apparently accomplished the feat, for theyreported that, after a certain point in their voyage, the sun lay totheir right (i.e., northward), as they sailed around southern Africa.[Encyclopędia Britannica CD '97, NECHO II]1 | |
| Event-Misc | Nekau, Type: Birth name3,1 | |
| Death* | 595 BC4,1 | |
| Birth* | 660 BC4,1 | |
| Event-Misc | 610 - 595 BC, Pharaoh of Egypt, Type: Reigned5,2,4,1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Chedebnitjerbone I (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | Psammetichus II, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)+1 | |
| ||
Chedebnitjerbone I (?)1 (F) | ||
| Event-Misc | X, Type: Progenitor1 | |
| Event-Misc* | F1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Necho II, Pharaoh of Egypt (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | Psammetichus II, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)+1 | |
| ||
Psammetichus I, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Necho I, Governor of Sais (?)1 | |
| Mother-Bio* | Istemabat (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc | Psamtik, Type: Birth name2,1 | |
| Event-Misc | 26th (Saite), Type: Dynasty3,1 | |
| Name-Var | Psamtik I, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 | |
| Note* | Assyria, unable to maintain a large force in Egypt, supported severalDelta vassal princes, including the powerful Psamtik I of Sais. But theAssyrians faced serious problems closer to home, and Psamtik (orPsammetichus I, ruled 664-610 BC) was able to assert his independence andextend his authority as king over all Egypt without extensive use ofarms, inaugurating the Saite 26th dynasty. In 656 Psamtik I compelledThebes to submit. He allowed its most powerful man, who was Montemhat,the mayor and the fourth prophet of Amon, to retain his post and, inorder to accommodate pro-Cushite sentiments, he allowed the God's Wife ofAmon and the Votaress of Amon (the sister and daughter of the late kingTaharqa) to remain. Psamtik I's own daughter Nitocris was adopted by theVotaress of Amon and thus became heiress to the position of God's Wife.Essential to the settling of internal conflicts was the Saite dynasty'ssuperior army, composed of Libyan soldiers, whom the Greeks calledMachimoi (warriors), and Greek and Carian mercenaries, who formed part ofthe great emigration from the Aegean in the 7th and 6th centuries BC.Greek pirates raiding the Delta coast were induced by Psamtik I to servein his army and were settled like the Machimoi in colonies at the Delta'sstrategically important northeastern border. Trade developed betweenEgypt and Greece, and more Greeks settled in Egypt. The Saite dynasty generally pursued a foreign policy that avoidedterritorial expansion and tried to preserve the status quo. Assyria'spower was waning. In 655 BC Psamtik I marched into Philistia in pursuitof the Assyrians, and in 620 BC he apparently repulsed Scythians from theEgyptian frontier. [Encyclopędia Britannica CD '97, EGYPT: THE 26thDYNASTY] ---------- After the uprising against Assyria in 665 BC, Nekau (I) (Necho (I)) wasconfirmed by Ashurbanipal as King of Sais and his son Psamtik (betterknown by the Greek name Psammetichus) as king of Athribis -- both citiesbeing in the Delta. On the death of Necho in 664, Psammetichus I wasrecognized by the Assyrians as king of Egypt. His task was to controlnot only the unruly princes and petty kings of the Delta, but also tocome to some reconciliation with the power centre at Thebes. This latterproved to be easier than anticipated. The great noble Mentuemhet wasstill a major figure there and he allied himself with Psammetichus'daughter, the princess Nitocris, who had been sent south early in 656 BCto be officially adopted as Divine Adoratrice of Amun amidst greatcelebrations by Shepenwepet II and Amenirdis II, the two current holdersof the office. Secular and religious ties were therefore effected thatwere to hold the state together whilst Psammetichus could turn hisattentions to his Delta opponents. He prevailed by conscripting a greatarmy, bringing in mercenaries from the Mediterranean world, many of themGreeks, and including Carians whose inscribed tombstones found at Saqqarahave only recently been deciphered. Psammetichus I's reign of over half a century saw a return to stabilityand the old religious values. Outside influences, both artistic andtrade, came into the country as never before but, despite this, there wasa great renaissance in indigenous traditions, with many art forms lookingback to Middle and Old Kingdom antecedents. It is at times difficult tobe absolutely sure whether a statue or relief is a Saite revival piece orsomething much older. The reliefs in Mentuemhet's tomb at Thebes (TT 34)are prime examples of this. Status and trade also improved upon a fuller entry into the economy ofthe ancient Mediterranean. In 653 BC, Psammetichus, profiting fromAssyria's internal problems, threw off the foreign yoke, allowing Egyptonce more to be a dominant power in the Near East. The gradual Assyriancollapse was, however, leaving a dangerous power vacuum in the area.Like vultures, other nations hovered over the death throes -- theBabylonians under Nabopolassar, the Medes and the Scythiansparticularly. Nabopolassar created havoc in 629-627 BC, advancing as faras southern Palestine where he was repulsed at Ashdod on the coast by theEgyptians. Psammetichus, realizing the potential danger for Egypt of anAssyrian collapse, actually assisted Assyria against the Babylonians in616 BC, but did not have sufficient forces to sway the day for them. Ajoint Scythian and Persian army attached Assyria a year later,culminating in the fall of its capital Nineveh in 612 BC and theextinction of the royal line. [Chronicle of the Pharaohs, Peter A.Clayton, Thames and Hudson, Ltd., London, 1994]1 | |
| Event-Misc | Wah-ib-re, Type: Throne Name2,1 | |
| Death* | 610 BC4,1 | |
| Birth* | 685 BC4,1 | |
| Event-Misc | 664 - 610 BC, Pharaoh of Egypt, Type: Reigned3,1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Mehetenweskhet (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | Necho II, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)+1 | |
Necho I, Governor of Sais (?)1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Irib-re Nakau-ba, Prince of Sais (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc | 688 - 664 BC, Prince of Sais and Memphis, Type: Titled2,1 | |
| Event-Misc | 666 - 665 BC, Governor of Sais, Type: Reigned3,1 | |
| Note* | Necho I (fl. c. 672-664 BC), governor of Sais, a city of the EgyptianNile delta, under the Assyrians and ancestor of the 26th dynasty; hesurvived the frequent changes of political fortune in Lower Egypt between670 and 660. Necho's ancestor was probably a prince of Libyan descent of the 24thEgyptian dynasty. When in 671 Esarhaddon, king of Assyria, wrested LowerEgypt from Taharqa, the Cushite ruler of the 25th dynasty, Necho wasamong the local rulers installed by the Assyrians as vassals. AfterEsarhaddon's departure Taharqa's Cushite force reconquered Memphis andLower Egypt (670-669), defeating the Assyrian occupation force and theEgyptian vassals. Esarhaddon's death in 669 stalled the Assyrianreaction, but Ashurbanipal, his son and successor, resumed the attack;his forces captured Memphis (667) and began an offensive into UpperEgypt. When Necho and other vassals conspired about 667 in an uprisingled by Taharqa, they were detected by the Assyrians and were deported toNineveh; but about 666-665 Ashurbanipal restored Necho as governor ofSais and later installed Necho's son, Psamtik I, under an Assyrian name,as ruler of Athribis in the Nile delta. After Taharqa died (664), his nephew and successor, Tanutamon, led aninvasion of Lower Egypt and captured Memphis. Necho thereafter remainedloyal to the Assyrians. [Encyclopędia Britannica CD '97, NECHO I]1 | |
| Event-Misc | 672 - 664 BC, Type: Flourished3,1 | |
| Death* | 664 BC2,1 | |
| Birth* | 710 BC2,1 | |
| Event-Misc | Men-kheper-re, Type: Throne Name2,1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Istemabat (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | Psammetichus I, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)+1 | |
Mehetenweskhet (?)1 (F) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Harsiese, Grand Priest of Heliopolis (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc* | F1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Psammetichus I, Pharaoh of Egypt (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | Necho II, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)+1 | |
| ||
Harsiese, Grand Priest of Heliopolis (?)1 (M) | ||
| Event-Misc | X, Type: Progenitor1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Dau-Bio* | Mehetenweskhet (?)+1 | |
| ||
Istemabat (?)1 (F) | ||
| Event-Misc | X, Type: Progenitor1 | |
| Event-Misc* | F1 | |
| Birth* | c. 710 BC1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Necho I, Governor of Sais (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | Psammetichus I, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)+1 | |
| ||
Irib-re Nakau-ba, Prince of Sais (?)1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Bakenranef, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc | 688 - c. 672 BC, Prince of Sais, Type: Titled2,1 | |
| Event-Misc* | F1 | |
| Death* | c. 672 BC1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Son-Bio* | Necho I, Governor of Sais (?)+1 | |
Bakenranef, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Tefnakht, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc | 24th (at Sais), Type: Dynasty2,1 | |
| Note* | Upon Piye's return to Cush, Tefnakhte reasserted his authority in thenorth, where he was eventually succeeded by his son Bocchoris, accordingto Manetho the sole king of the 24th dynasty (c. 722-c. 715 BC). Piye'sbrother Shabaka meanwhile founded the rival 25th dynasty and brought allEgypt under his rule (c. 719-703 BC). He had Bocchoris burned alive andremoved all other claimants to the kingship. [Encyclopędia Britannica CD'97, EGYPT: HISTORY: The 24th and 25th Dynasties]1 | |
| Name-Var | Bocchoris, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc | 720 - 715 BC, Pharaoh of Egypt, Type: Reigned2,1 | |
| Death* | 715 BC1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Event-Misc | Wah-ka-re, Type: Throne Name3,1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Son-Bio* | Irib-re Nakau-ba, Prince of Sais (?)+1 | |
Tefnakht, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Osorkon, Prince of Sais (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc | Prophet of Neith, Type: Titled2,1 | |
| Event-Misc | Great Chief of the Meshwesh, Type: Titled2,1 | |
| Note* | Tefnakhte, chieftain of Sais, in the northwest Nile delta, later king andfounder of the 24th dynasty, which lasted from about 722 to about 715 BC.He was reduced to vassalage by Piye (formerly called Piankhi), a Cushite(Nubian) ruler who invaded Egypt. From his base in the northwest delta, Tefnakhte, a Libyan prince,advanced south in a bid to conquer Upper Egypt. Securing allies along theway, he succeeded in reaching Hermopolis, a Middle Egyptian town. Thisaction provoked the Cushite, who was the protector of Upper Egypt, toaction. In a swift series of attacks, he smashed Tefnakhte's river fleetand drove him back to Memphis, near modern Cairo, where a stubborn siegedeveloped. While Tefnakhte went northward seeking reinforcements, Piyecaptured Memphis and resumed his advance into the delta. Tefnakhtesubmitted, but not in person, and swore a loyalty oath as a vassal. After Piye returned to Cush, Tefnakhte quickly abandoned his oath andproclaimed himself king of Egypt. The king 'So,' with whom Hosea, king ofIsrael, conspired according to 2 Kings 17:1-4, has been identified bysome scholars as Tefnakhte, 'So' probably referring to Sais, his capital.This event, if accurately placed, would predate Piye's intervention inLower Egypt. [Encyclopędia Britannica CD '97, TEFNAHKTE]1 | |
| Event-Misc | Shepses-re, Type: Throne Name3,1 | |
| Event-Misc | 740 - 727 BC, King of Sais, Type: Titled4,5,1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Death* | c. 720 BC1 | |
| Event-Misc | 24th (at Sais), Type: Dynasty6,1 | |
| Event-Misc | 727 - 720 BC, Pharaoh of Egypt, Type: Reigned6,1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Son-Bio* | Bakenranef, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)+1 | |
| ||
Osorkon, Prince of Sais (?)1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Pami, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc | Prophet of Edjo (at Buto), Type: Titled2,1 | |
| Event-Misc | Great Chief of the Meshwesh, Type: Titled2,1 | |
| Event-Misc | 22nd (at Tanis) (Libyan or Bubastite), Type: Dynasty1 | |
| Event-Misc | Prophet of Neith (at Sais), Type: Titled2,1 | |
| Death* | c. 740 BC1 | |
| Birth* | bef. 773 BC1 | |
| Event-Misc | 773 - c. 740 BC - Prince of Sais, Type: Titled2,1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Son-Bio* | Tefnakht, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)+1 | |
Pami, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Sheshonq III, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 | |
| Mother-Bio* | Djed-bast-es-ankh (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc | 22nd (at Tanis) (Libyan or Bubastite), Type: Dynasty2,1 | |
| Event-Misc | User-maat-re Setep-en-amun, Type: Throne Name3,1 | |
| Name-Var | Pimay, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc | Pami, Type: Birth name3,1 | |
| Death* | 767 BC1 | |
| Birth* | bef. 773 BC1 | |
| Event-Misc | 773 - 767 BC, Pharaoh of Egypt (Tanis), Type: Reigned2,1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Son-Bio* | Osorkon, Prince of Sais (?)+1 | |
Sheshonq III, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Takelot II, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 | |
| Mother-Bio* | Karoma Mertmout II (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc | Mery-amun, Type: Epithet2,1 | |
| Event-Misc | 22nd (at Tanis) (Libyan or Bubastite), Type: Dynasty3,1 | |
| Event-Misc | Sheshonq, Type: Birth name2,1 | |
| Name-Var | Sheshonk III, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 | |
| Note* | When Takelot II died he was buried at Tanis, where he was found by PierreMontet in a reused coffin in the antechamber of the tomb of Osorkon II.The Crown Prince Osorkon never succeeded to the throne because hisyounger brother Sheshonq moved to seize power, proclaiming himselfpharaoh as Sheshonq III. He was to enjoy an incredibly long reign of 53years. It was also to be the most confusing period of Egyptian history,with not only an initial split between north and south, Tanis and Thebes,but also a later rift between the east and the central Delta, Tanis andLeontopolis respectively. There are a number of dates to use as chronological pegs in the longreign of Sheshonq III, but there are also large gaps in between. In year6, Harsiese reappeared as Chief High Priest of Amun, apparently withouttoo much commotion at Thebes because Sheshonq had let the Thebans havetheir own way and choice. In year 20 (c. 806 BC), the usurped PrinceOsorkon was appointed to the High Priest's post at Thebes. Unusually, hehad not been disposed of by his usurping brother. Then in Year 25 (c.800 BC), Harsiese once again assumed the office of High Prise, only todisappear, perhaps finally dead, in year 29. Prince Osorkon had not diedwhen Harsiese returned to power and was still evident in Upper Egypt witha controlling hand for another ten years. In Sheshonq III's Year 8 (c. 818 BC), he had to contend with a breakawayin the central Delta, at Leontopolis, where a prince named Pedibastetproclaimed a new dynasty, the 23rd, with himself as the founding king.Although members of the Tanite royal house held posts at Thebes, thepriests of Amun were, as ever, politically very aware and at least twosons of the new dynasty joined them. Pedibastet reigned for 25 years andwas succeeded by Sheshonq IV (793-787) and then Osorkon III (787-759).For 14 years, Osorkon III at Leontopolis and Sheshonq III at Tanis,reigned concurrently, but in 773 Sheshonq III died leaving Osorkon III tocontinue his reign in the Delta for another 15 years. [Chronicle of thePharaohs, Peter A. Clayton, Thames and Hudson Ltd., London, 1994]1 | |
| Death* | 773 BC4,5,1 | |
| Birth* | 860 - 855 BC4,1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Event-Misc | User-maat-re Setep-en-re, Type: Throne Name2,1 | |
| Event-Misc | 825 - 773 BC, Pharaoh of Egypt, Type: Reigned3,1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Djed-bast-es-ankh (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | Pami, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)+1 | |
| ||
Djed-bast-es-ankh (?)1 (F) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Sheshonq, High Priest of Ptah [Memphis] (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc* | F1 | |
| Birth* | c. 850 BC1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Sheshonq III, Pharaoh of Egypt (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | Pami, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)+1 | |
| ||
Takelot II, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Osorkon II, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 | |
| Mother-Bio* | Istemkheb (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc | Mery-amun, Type: Epithet2,1 | |
| Event-Misc | 22nd (at Tanis) (Libyan or Bubastite), Type: Dynasty3,1 | |
| Note* | Takelot II succeeded his father Osorkon II in 850 and maintainedstability in the south where his half-brother Nimlot was still in powerat Thebes as High Priest. Nimlot had consolidated his position byextending north to Herakleopolis and placing his son Ptahwedjankhef incharge there. Nimlot then married his daughter Karomama II to TakelotII, thereby cementing a bond between north and south and becoming thefather-in-law of his half-brother. Karomama must have been buried atThebes, since her rather poor green-glazed composition ushabti figureshave been appearing from there in the antiquities market for over 150years, but her tomb has not been found. Problems around, however, in Year 11 of Takelot II with the death ofNimlot. The question of who should succeed him as High Priest of Amunled to open hostilities. Thebes, led by a Harsiese who claimed descentfrom the king Harsiese, revolted against Takelot's choice of his sonPrince Osorkon. Nimlot's son, Ptahwedjankhef, Governor of Herakleopolis,supported Takelot's decision, thereby allowing Prince Osorkon an easypassage south past his fortress to curb the rebellious Thebans. Therebels were relentlessly crushed, the ringleaders executed and theirbodies burnt to ensure that there would be no hope of an afterlife forthem. For the next four years peace reigned, but in Year 15 of Takelot II civilwar once again struck the country. On this occasion, the revolt was notso easily put down and lasted for almost a decade. It was probably atthis time that further incursions were made into the Valley of the Kings,with 'official' sanction, when the sarcophagus box of Ramesses VI wasoverturned in a vain search for hidden treasure beneath it. When Takelot II died he was buried at Tanis, where he was found by PiereMontet in a reused coffin in the antechamber of the tomb of Osorkon II.[Chronicle of the Pharaohs, Peter A. Clayton, Thames and Hudson Ltd.,London, 1994]1 | |
| Event-Misc | Takelot, Type: Birth name2,1 | |
| Event-Misc | 850 - 825 BC, Pharaoh of Egypt, Type: Reigned3,1 | |
| Death* | 825 BC4,1 | |
| Birth* | 875 BC4,1 | |
| Event-Misc | Hedj-kheper-re Setep-en-re, Type: Throne Name2,1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Karoma Mertmout II (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | Sheshonq III, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)+1 | |
Karoma Mertmout II (?)1,2,3 (F) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Nimlot, High Priest of Amun [Karnak] (?)3 | |
| Event-Misc | 22nd (at Tanis) (Libyan or Bubastite), Type: Dynasty3 | |
| Name-Var | Karomama II (?)3 | |
| Birth* | 865 BC2,3 | |
| Event-Misc* | F3 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Takelot II, Pharaoh of Egypt (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | Sheshonq III, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)+3 | |
Nimlot, High Priest of Amun [Karnak] (?)1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Osorkon II, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 | |
| Mother-Bio* | Karomama I (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Death* | 839 BC2,1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Dau-Bio* | Karoma Mertmout II (?)+1 | |
Osorkon II, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Takelot I, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 | |
| Mother-Bio* | Ka-pes (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc | Mery-amun, Type: Epithet2,1 | |
| Event-Misc | 22nd (at Tanis) (Libyan or Bubastite), Type: Dynasty3,1 | |
| Note* | Osorkon II succeeded Takelot I as pharaoh in 874 BC at much the same timethat his cousin Harsiese succeeded his father [Sheshonq II] as HighPriest of Amun at Karnak. Problems arose in Year 4 of Osorkon whenHarsiese declared himself king in the south. Although he was only kingin name, when Harsiese died Osorkon II consolidated his own position byappointing one of his sons, Nimlot, as High Priest at Karnak and anotherson, Sheshonq, as High Priest of Ptah at Memphis. Osorkon thereby hadthe two major priesthoods of Egypt in his family's grasp as a politicalmove rather than from any religious motivation. Major building workswere undertaken in the reign, especially at Bubastis in the temple of thetutelary cat-goddess Bastet. There Osorkon built a monumental redgranite hall decorated with fine reliefs of himself and his wife KaromamaI celebrating his jubilee (heb-sed) in Year 22. Other buildings in hisname were constructed at Memphis, Tanis, Thebes and Leontopolis (tobecome the seat of the succeeding dynasty). In the outside world of the Near East a growing menace was coming fromAssyria, who turned her attentions towards the Levant after overcomingnorthern Mesopotamia and Syria, and with an eventual eye for Egypt. TheAssyrian king Shalmaneser III (858-828 BC) continued his fatherAshurnasirpal II's campaigns into Syria/Palestine. In 853 Egypt wasforced to confront the threat by aligning with Israel and neighbouringkingdoms, including her old ally Byblos; together they halted theAssyrian advance at the battle of Qarqar on the Orontes. [Chronicle ofthe Pharaohs, Peter A. Clayton, Thames and Hudson Ltd., London, 1994]1 | |
| Event-Misc | Osorkon, Type: Birth name2,1 | |
| Event-Misc | 874 - 850 BC, Pharaoh of Egypt, Type: Reigned3,1 | |
| Death* | c. 850 BC1 | |
| Birth* | 905 - 900 BC4,1 | |
| Event-Misc | User-maat-re Setep-en-amun, Type: Throne Name3,1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Karomama I (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | Nimlot, High Priest of Amun [Karnak] (?)+1 | |
| Son-Bio* | Sheshonq, High Priest of Ptah [Memphis] (?)+1 | |
| CoParent | Istemkheb (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | Takelot II, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)+1 | |
Istemkheb (?)1 (F) | ||
| Event-Misc | X, Type: Progenitor1 | |
| Event-Misc* | F1 | |
| Birth* | 905 - 900 BC2,1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Osorkon II, Pharaoh of Egypt (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | Takelot II, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)+1 | |
Karomama I (?)1 (F) | ||
| Event-Misc | X, Type: Progenitor1 | |
| Event-Misc* | F1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Osorkon II, Pharaoh of Egypt (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | Nimlot, High Priest of Amun [Karnak] (?)+1 | |
| Son-Bio* | Sheshonq, High Priest of Ptah [Memphis] (?)+1 | |
| ||
Sheshonq, High Priest of Ptah [Memphis] (?)1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Osorkon II, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 | |
| Mother-Bio* | Karomama I (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc | c. 870 - 851 BC, High Priest of Ptah [Memphis], Type: Titled2,1 | |
| Event-Misc | Great Chief of Ma, Type: Titled2,1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Birth* | 865 BC2,1 | |
| Death* | c. 851 BC2,1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | ||
| Dau-Bio* | Djed-bast-es-ankh (?)+1 | |
Takelot I, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Osorkon I, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 | |
| Mother-Bio* | Ta-shed-khons (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc | Mery-amun, Type: Epithet2,1 | |
| Event-Misc | 889 - 874 BC, Pharaoh of Egypt, Type: Reigned3,1 | |
| Note* | Osorkon I provided strong patronage for the various leading priesthoodsthereby consolidating his position as well as maintaining a continuousbuilding programme, especially at his native city of Bubastis. The chiefpriesthood of Amun at Karnak was taken from his brother, Iuput, and givento one of his sons, Sheshonq (II), whom he took as co-regent in 890 BC.Sheshonq, however, predeceased his father by a few months and both wereburied at Tanis. Takelot I, another son of Osorkon by a minor wife,succeeded his father. His reign, although 15 years in length, has leftno major monuments and saw the beginning of the fragmentation of Egyptonce more into two power bases. [chronicle of the Pharaohs, Peter A.Clayton, Thames and Hudson Ltd., London, 1994]1 | |
| Event-Misc | Takelot, Type: Birth name2,1 | |
| Event-Misc | User-maat-re Setep-en-re, Type: Throne Name3,1 | |
| Death* | 873 BC4,1 | |
| Birth* | 935 BC4,1 | |
| Event-Misc | 22nd (at Tanis) (Libyan or Bubastite), Type: Dynasty3,1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Ka-pes (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | Osorkon II, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)+1 | |
Ka-pes (?)1 (F) | ||
| Event-Misc | X, Type: Progenitor1 | |
| Event-Misc* | F1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Takelot I, Pharaoh of Egypt (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | Osorkon II, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)+1 | |
| ||
Osorkon I, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 (M) Pedigree | ||
| Father-Bio* | Sheshonq I, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)1 | |
| Mother-Bio* | Maat-ka-re (?)1 | |
| Event-Misc | 924 - 889 BC, Type: Flourished2,1 | |
| Event-Misc | Sekhem-kheper-re, Type: Throne Name3,1 | |
| Event-Misc | Mery-amun, Type: Epithet3,1 | |
| Event-Misc | Osorkon, Type: Birth name3,1 | |
| Event-Misc* | M1 | |
| Death* | 889 BC4,1 | |
| Event-Misc | 924 - 889 BC, Pharaoh of Egypt, Type: Reigned4,1 | |
| Event-Misc | 22nd (at Tanis) (Libyan or Bubastite), Type: Dynasty4,1 | |
| Immigrant | O | |
| Last Edited | 12 Apr 2001 | |
| CoParent | Ta-shed-khons (?) | |
| Son-Bio* | Takelot I, Pharaoh of Egypt (?)+1 | |
For comments or corrections please contact
Compiler:
Benjamin McAlester Brink
Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
This page was created by John Cardinal's Second Site v1.4.7. Site updated on 4 Oct 2003 at 9:13:21 PM BRINK; 15565 people. Copyright 2003 Ben & Janet Brink